Release date: 2014-03-05
The discoverer of DNA double helix, Nobel laureate James D. Watson presented a new hypothesis on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in the famous medical journal Lancet on February 27. His theory will be published as a cover article for The Lancet.
Watson pointed out that diabetes, dementia, cardiovascular disease and some cancers are associated with insufficient production of biological oxidants (ROS). He also stressed that a better understanding of the role of physical exercise can help people treat the above diseases.
"It is now widely believed that the cause of type 2 diabetes is," Dr. Watson said. "Intracellular oxidation causes excessive inflammation, which kills cells in pancreatic tissue." It is well known that the normal function of these cells is critical for the maintenance of normal blood glucose levels.
In recent years, Watson has developed a completely different perspective on the basis of some medical and molecular biology literature. (He emphasized that he is not a doctor, but a science scholar.) There is indeed inflammation in the pancreatic tissue of patients with type 2 diabetes, and he has not raised any doubts. However, he explained the reason for this phenomenon through a new theory. “I think the root cause lies in the lack of biological oxidants, not overdose,†he said.
For many years, doctors have been telling patients with early-stage diabetes (people with high blood sugar levels) to exercise more, and then start treating them with hypoglycemic drugs (such as Metformin). In Watson's view, exercise is the key to solving puzzles. So what are the benefits of exercise for people with high blood sugar?
He speculates that the chemical process of the redox reaction contains important clues. To survive, the cells must be properly synthesized with oxidants and antioxidants. "There is a delicate balance between the two," Watson observed. Physical exercise encourages the body to produce large amounts of oxidants, molecules called reactive oxygen species. In the endoplasmic reticulum ER, hydrogen peroxide as an active oxygen can help form a chemical bond (disulfide bond) that stabilizes protein folding.
Watson pointed out that when the oxidation reaction in the endoplasmic reticulum is insufficient, unfolded proteins that cannot function are present. He believes that this causes inflammation that damages the pancreas, which in turn leads to type 2 diabetes. Therefore, exercise that promotes oxidation can have a beneficial effect on patients with hyperglycemia. If an individual uses a large amount of antioxidants, it will reduce or even offset the benefits of exercise. In a similar situation, taking a lot of antioxidant supplements will affect the athlete's training effect.
The two key messages that Watson puts forward are: “The first point is that we need to delve into the specific mechanisms for exercising health,†Watson plans to hold an academic conference at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory later this year, hoping to release a bigger one later. Scientific research results. Secondly, "I am not a doctor and cannot provide advice on how to treat diabetes. I just put forward a new perspective on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. But I noticed that almost all doctors will advise their patients to exercise as much as possible. I think Physical exercise can help us synthesize healthy functional proteins. We do need some high quality research to prove this."
Source: Bio-Exploration
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