High-yield cultivation techniques of sweet corn
Green sweet corn has high sugar content, high protein content, good taste, and is popular among people. It is a good product in the green corn market. However, it is extremely vulnerable to pests and diseases during its growth, which seriously affects quality and yield. Therefore, in order to obtain good-quality and high-yielding sweet corn for green food, in addition to selecting good varieties according to local conditions, we must also adopt a series of measures in production. 1, selection of land, fine soil preparation. It is necessary to choose a land with convenient drainage, good ventilation, sufficient light and a deep soil layer. After a few days of deep exposure, the soil was tapped and the field leveled to create a ditch. 2, planting specifications. Due to the variety, generally 3000-3500 plants are planted per acre. The dense and easy-to-shape slide bars are suitable for sparse planting, with high double bagage rate and high yield of fresh fruit ears. Field cultivation can be planted in a single row with a 25-30 cm spacing and a row spacing of 75 cm. It can also be used for wide and narrow rows, with a narrow row of 50 cm and a width of 90 cm. 3, soaking, germination. Sweet corn has high sugar content, and seeds are vulnerable to feeding by soil pests in the soil, resulting in seedling deficiency and lack of ponds. Therefore, germination is preferred. Seed treatment. Select full and robust seeds, first soaked with water for 24 hours, and then soaked with 50% carbendazim or 75% thiophanate 500 times for 2-3 hours, remove and wash clean, control dry germination. Germination. Place the seeds in a container covered with dry hessian, spray 40-50°C hot water on the surface of the seeds, cover with a damp cloth, and at a temperature of 25-28°C, the buds can be discharged after 24 hours. If the outside temperature is low, warming measures should be taken to promote seed germination. Buds are good for luster and should not be too long. 4, sowing. The key to successful cultivation of sweet corn is to strive for 1 seedling. Before sowing, the seedlings should be treated with pesticides, base fertilizer should be applied, and irrigated with water. Each pond sown seeds 3-4. The insecticide on the surface of the seed can be covered with soil so that the liquid can spread in the soil. Ants and other pests can not harm the seeds. Covering the soil with 1-2 cm can produce seedlings within 3-4 days. 5, field management. The seedlings and the seedlings must be settled in the morning before the three leaves, in accordance with the principles of morning, uniform, timely, dense, sparse, and weak. The use of per plant pond per plant or a single plant between the two plants to ensure that the density of 3000-3500 per acre. Water management. Before sowing until 3 leaves, if the soil is dry, it must be watered every day. Afterwards, water may be properly watered depending on the weather conditions. Ten days before and 10 days after tasseling, there should be no shortage of water. If it is dry, it should be filled with deep water 2 times to ensure the water demand during the earing period. Fertilizer management. The base fertilizer is best imported fertilizer, Mushi 20-30 kg, 10 grams per pond. During the growth process of maize, topdressing 2 times, the first time in the plant 3-4 leaves when topdressing Miao Fei, fertilization after cultivator cultivation. Every time urea 5-10 grams per pond, topdressing urea 30-40 kg per acre. 6, strengthen pest control. Timely control of pests is the key to ensuring high yields. Prevention and control of pests should be based on prevention, and strict prevention of the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases. Prevention of underground pests. The prevention and control of underground pests is the key to ensuring high seedling emergence rate. Underground pests mainly include ground tigers, ants and cockroaches, and are generally controlled through the treatment of broadcast ponds. For ground tigers, 3% carbofuran granules are applied to each pond before sowing. The dosage is about 1 kg per mu. For ants, use 40% omethoate 1000 times to spray the surface of the seed. After the seed is covered with soil, remove 0.3 g of insecticide on the surface of the soil. In the area where the vegetables are planted beforehand, the prevention and control of earthworms should be done well. During the rainy season, the prevention and control of earthworms should be taken care of. Growth stage pest control. Seedlings are vulnerable to pests such as locusts, Spodoptera litura and other pests. The pests in the middle growth period are mainly corn borer and aphid. Diseases should be controlled by corn spot and stalk rot. After spraying, 1-2 insecticides were sprayed, and sprayed with insecticide and fungicides at the jointing and heading stages. In high-temperature and rainy weather conditions, observe the changes in the leaves. Once you find that there are round yellow dots on the leaves, you should quickly spray the fungicide. In the period of occurrence of the disease and pest, spray the medicine once every 5-7 days and spray it 2-3 times. The pesticides for controlling corn pests are: 40% dimethoate or omethoate EC 800 times, or 2.5% dichlorvos 2500 times. There are 50% carbendazim or 75% thiophanate, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800-1000 times, for the control of corn leaf spot. To prevent the occurrence of stalk rot, lime powder can be applied during soil preparation. During the growing season, the diseased plants should apply lime powder around the roots, remove the severe diseased plants, and sprinkle lime powder inside the cave to prevent the spread of germs. Never use a single pesticide for a long period of time. Combined with cultivating and fertilizing, the severely diseased leaves at the base of the plant are removed and buried deeply, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of large and small spot diseases. Strengthen the prevention of rodent damage. After tasselling, corn can be put into the field continuously to kill rodents, prevent rats from harming, and ensure high yields. In order to shorten the ripening period of green corn, after fifteen days of tasselling, the female filigrees have jaundice, and the tassel can be removed manually. On the one hand, it can cut off the food sources of locusts. On the one hand, it can reduce the nutrient consumption of plants, accelerate the growth of the ear, shorten the growth period and harvest the green corn in advance.