Single Vacuum Packed Sweet Corn
Corn (Maize) is cultivated throughout China. It is also widely grown in tropical and temperate regions of the world and is an important cereal. With yields of up to 700-900 kg per mu, maize is one of the more productive grains.
Corn is rich in nutrients, with protein, body fat, tapioca starch, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin A, vitamin E, carotene, methyl cellulose and calcium, phosphorus and iron. Corn is a good source of vitamin C, which can help boost the immune system and help fight cancer. Compounds found in corn have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. According to research, fresh corn contains 4-5 times more body fat than rice and flour, and contains unsaturated fat, of which 50% are fatty acids, which inhibit the digestion and absorption of cholesterol. It is an excellent medicine for long-term use to reduce blood cholesterol and soften blood vessels, making it an ideal vegetable oil for patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity and the elderly.
Corn is also a cereal and low-fat food. Researchers have found that a low-fat diet has no significant effect on the risk of several diseases. In past follow-ups, a low-fat diet was found to provide significant and sustainable health benefits.
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It is said that 11% of the cell lines are contaminated by different degrees of mycoplasma, and the incidence of mycoplasma infection in statistical cell culture reaches 63%, which has unpredictable effects on the experimental results. The symptoms of mycoplasma contamination are not as easy to identify as bacteria, fungi, and mold contamination. Generally, other methods such as PCR, fluorescent staining kit, and colony culture are needed.
There are many mycoplasma causing cell contamination, but there are mainly four mycoplasmas: oral mycoplasma, arginine mycoplasma, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Leydig's cholestyramine . Due to the small volume of mycoplasma, the diameter is between 0.2-2.0 um, which can directly cause contamination of the culture medium or serum through the filter membrane. In addition, the cell culture medium contaminated by mycoplasma is often not turbid, the degree of cell damage is not obvious, and the morphology is rarely changed, which further increases the difficulty of prevention.
From the morphological structure, the morphology of mycoplasma is variable, and it is mostly adsorbed on the surface of cells or scattered between cells and cells. From its physicochemical or biological properties, all mycoplasma metabolism requires cholesterol, and some require arginine and glucose. The survival requirement of mycoplasma is higher than that of bacteria. At the same time, in addition to basic nutrients, 10-20% serum is needed, and the optimum pH is between 7.8 and 8.0. Most mycoplasma is facultative anaerobic, and its reproduction mode is mainly two. Splitting and multiplication, splitting and DNA replication are not synchronized, and multinuclear filaments can be formed.
Because mycoplasma is a type of microorganism that lacks cell walls, it is insensitive to antibiotics that act on cell walls (such as penicillin G). Mycoplasma is similar to bacteria in heat and sensitive to changes in environmental osmotic pressure. The effect of mycoplasma on cells can be considered in two ways. On the one hand, it has a direct effect on the cells. After the cells are contaminated by mycoplasma, the proliferation is slow, some of the cells become round, and they are detached from the bottle wall. Although the surface changes of some cells are not very obvious, there are actually many dangers lurking. On the other hand, mycoplasma can inhibit the synthesis of cellular DNA and RNA by consuming arginine in the medium, thereby reducing the resistance of the cells. Therefore, the effects of mycoplasma contamination on cells are very broad and far-reaching.
Due to the different types of mycoplasma, different methods should be used for detection. The commonly used methods are as follows:
1. Observing the morphology and growth characteristics of the cells: When the contamination of mycoplasma is serious, the growth may be slowed down. Some of the culture medium has obvious acidity and cytopathic changes. The lesion characteristics are similar to the virus infection, so it cannot be accurately diagnosed.
2, separation culture method: most of the mycoplasma can appear unique typical colonies. This method is accurate and reliable, but it takes a long time. However, its experimental period is longer, so it is often used for the final screening of suspected cells.
3 fluorescent staining method (DNA staining method): This method is fast, simple and inexpensive, but its sensitivity is lacking, which is easy to cause missed detection. If the cell sheet is not prepared properly, the result is difficult to judge.
4, PCR detection of mycoplasma: the fastest, sensitive, less sample, both cell detection and cell supernatant detection, and can detect the contamination of eight kinds of mycoplasma, is currently commonly used detection means. However, its cost is high, the conditions are strict, and sometimes it is prone to false positives.
5, electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy: This method is very intuitive and accurate, but the requirements of the use of high environment, complex operation, long experimental period, low sensitivity, often used as the final qualitative test of the sample.
6. Indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting: simple, rapid, and specific. If monoclonal antibody reagent is applied, the effect will be better.
7. Other methods: radionuclide incorporation method, autoradiography method, gene probe method, and the like.
Method for detecting mycoplasma contamination in cell culture
One of the most troublesome problems in cell culture of the Chinese microbial strain query network is the contamination of mycoplasma. In the daily working environment of people, mycoplasma is ubiquitous. It can cause cell contamination through human hair, mouth, clothes, animal skin and daily cell culture operating environment.