There are some differences in the management points of each growth stage of peanuts. The medium-term management of peanuts is the most vigorous period of growth and development. Therefore, it is the key to gaining high yields to strengthen the scientific management of the mid-fertility period. 1. Cleverly chasing flowers and fruit fertilizers, striving for more flowers and flowers, improving the rate of results From the beginning of the flower to the single flower, the peanuts are effectively opened in large quantities and a large number of fruit needles are successively planted into the soil. During this period, the amount of flowers is reduced, which will affect the fruit needle into the soil. Therefore, the land with insufficient base fertilizer or weak seedlings should be 667 square meters of urea, 7.5 to 10 kilograms, 10 to 15 kilograms of superphosphate, or 15 to 20 kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer. Conducive to the flower and fruit, to ensure high yield. At the stage of pod formation, the population of plants entered the peak of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounted for 42%, 50% and 66% of the total absorption, respectively. At the same time, the absorption of calcium is also very urgent. Should adhere to the principle of what is missing, as appropriate, topdressing: If the leaves of the heart are light yellow and small, the veins are chlorotic, that is, nitrogen deficiency, should be applied to 667 square meters of urea 5 ~ 7.5 kg; if the plant is poorly developed, the leaves are blue-green, And upward curling, it is phosphorus deficiency, 667 square meters chasing diammonium 7.5 ~ 10 kg, and spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 50 kg / 667 square meters; if the leaves are dark green, the edges are dry, Is the phenomenon of potassium deficiency, should be 667 square meters of potassium sulfate 10 ~ 15 kg, or plant ash 50 ~ 100 kg; if the plant grows slowly, the shell rate is high, caused by calcium deficiency, especially hilly brown loam, should be 667 square Rice chasing lime 40 ~ 50 kg, effectively supplement the calcium source, reduce soil pH, improve yield and quality. 2. Watering and drainage in time, increasing the number of fruits and reducing the rate of rotten fruit From full bloom to full fruit, the temperature is high and the plant is bulky. Soil evaporation and foliar transpiration increase, and the flower birthday water consumption reaches a high value, which is sensitive to drought. The suitable field water holding capacity during this period is 60% to 70%. If it is less than 50%, it will affect the growth of stems and leaves, and the amount of flowers will decrease, resulting in less results and more fruits. Therefore, soil moisture below 60% must be immediately watered to prevent drought. The watering method adopts sprinkler irrigation or small water rapid furrow irrigation, and avoid flooding with large water. Pay attention to the degree of atomization when sprinkling, to ensure uniform irrigation. The watering time should be carried out in the morning or in the evening. The sun is strong at noon and the ground temperature is high. At this time, watering can easily cause rotten needles. When the wind speed is above 4, stop watering and avoid falling down. Peanut has the characteristics of “drying without needles, wet ground without granulesâ€. If there is too much rainfall or poor drainage during the full flowering period to full fruit, the soil water content exceeds 80% of the field water holding capacity, which will affect the root or pod development due to soil hypoxia, resulting in a lot of rotten fruit. During this period, the rate of peanut rotten fruit increased by 25%, and the number of rotten fruits per plant was more than 1.2, with an average reduction of about 30%. Therefore, it is necessary to clear the drainage ditch in time for the Yishang block; the hilly land in the mountainous area should be dug into the ditch and the ditch and the peanut ditch. It not only solves the problem of “half-side cockroachesâ€, but also prevents soil erosion and collapse of the mantle. Do not be guilty of light rain, heavy rain will not be a disaster. 3. Timely soil, greet the fruit needles, fight for early results, and bear fruit Timely soiling, shortening the distance of fruit needles into the soil, and creating loose environmental conditions for pod development. It is not only conducive to irrigation and drainage, but also can be combined with soil to eliminate weeds. This is an important measure for high-yield cultivation of peanuts. The key to soiling is timely, premature, because the plants are short, the fruit branches are easily damaged by the soil. Moreover, the weeds have not yet completely germinated, which is likely to cause grass shortage. Too late, it will prolong the time of fruit needles entering the soil, which is unfavorable for early pod development and increases the number of young fruit, hazelnut and rotten fruit. The suitable soiling time is: the peanuts are in a single flowering period, a few fruit needles have been in the soil, and a large number of fruit needles are in the soil. Soil-cultivation method: use a small scorpion plate with a grass ring, deep slamming, to do the ditch does not hurt the root, the soil does not press the vine, the cultivation into the ditch narrow, the ridge fat top concave m shape, effectively promote the normal development of the fruit needle Sex, and to create conditions for the middle and upper fruit needles to enter the soil, in particular, pay attention to the side of the soil, give full play to the advantages of the side. 4. Properly control pests and diseases, preserve flowers and protect fruits from premature aging The pests and diseases that are mainly controlled in the middle stage of peanuts include alfalfa, cotton bollworm and leaf spot. 1 Control the underground pests mainly based on cockroaches, dilute with 48% of the espresso oil 200 ml / 667 m2 and add appropriate amount of water, mix well with 1 kg of fine sand, or use 5% phoxim particles 3 kg / 667 m2 After the fine dry soil is mixed with 1.5 to 2.5 kg, it is buried in the vicinity of the peanuts in combination with the soil. 2 Control cotton bollworm, bridge worm, Spodoptera litura and other pests, when more than 30 larvae (egg), 30% are beige, individual hatching, should be sprayed with Bacillus thuringiensis before the larva 3 years old, Or use high-osmotic avermectin 3.2 ~ 4.0 g / 667m2 spray water 60 ~ 75 kg, or with low-dose spray of pyrethroid insecticide. 3 peanut leaf spot prevention and control, when the main stem leaves generally reach 5% ~ 7%, 75% chlorothalonil 150 g / 667m2 spray can be used for prevention and treatment, at the same time, concurrent treatment of flower rust disease, can also be used Jinggangmycin 100 g / 667 M2, or sulphur gum suspension 15-20 kg, sprayed on the foliage. 5. Control and control, anti-fall, long-term control, long-term stability In the middle stage of peanuts, due to the high fertility of high-yield plots, and the high temperature and rainy period, it is easy to cause long, causing late lodging and affecting production. Therefore, when the main stem height of the peanut exceeds 40 cm, or when the first pair of side branches exceeds 8 knots, the new internode is more than 5 cm, and when the main stem grows more than 1 cm per day, the paclobutrazol should be sprayed 50 g/667 m2 in time. 50 kg of water can effectively control the length of the dog, prevent lodging, and ensure the high yield of peanuts. The above is the five major management priorities in the middle of peanut growth. Welcome peanut peanut growers to come to our website for reference. I hope that every peanut grower can get high yield!
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