Fertilization is an indispensable part in agricultural production. However, because some farmers' friends do not understand the nature of chemical fertilizers, there are some wrong practices in the application process, resulting in low utilization of chemical fertilizers and even causing fertilizer damage to crops, resulting in reduced production. For this reason, scientific fertilization should pay attention to the following issues: 1, seed dressing. When using calcium superphosphate seed dressing, because the calcium phosphate contains 3.5% to 5% free acid, seed dressing will reduce the seed germination rate and emergence rate, so as a seed fertilizer, should be applied to the seed below or flanking 8 ~ 10 centimeters, so that fertilizer isolation. When using calcium superphosphate as top dressing, deeper application should be made. 2, master the method and concentration. Surface application of urea and ammonium bicarbonate. Urea has a high nitrogen content, but it must be converted into ammonium nitrogen before it can be absorbed and utilized by crops. At the same time, urea is in a molecular state when it is converted, and it is not adsorbed by soil and is easily lost with water and soil, making it difficult to use the crop. Urea is used as top dressing, and trenches should be applied and covered. For spraying foliar fertilizers, the application concentration should be well controlled, corn should be sprayed, and the concentration should be 0.8% to 1%, and vegetables should be 0.3% to 0.5%. Ammonium bicarbonate is applied on the surface and is easily volatilized, and volatile ammonia gas can damage the stems and leaves of crops and cause damage. The correct method should be applied in a depth of about 10 cm. 3, pay attention to the complementary role of fertilizer. 1 Single application of potassium fertilizer. Potassium sulfate and potassium chloride are weakly acidic, and potassium ions are easily adsorbed and fixed by the cations of soil colloids when applied to the soil. Crops are difficult to use. Therefore, the application of potash fertilizer should be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, especially for the phosphorus-deficient lands in mountainous, barren and newly reclaimed land, and should be mixed with phosphorus fertilizer so as to fully utilize the effects of potash fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. 2 top-up calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. Calcium, magnesium, and phosphate fertilizers have a slower effect, and have a short time for fertilizer application. They are used as top dressings, especially in the later growth stages of crops, and have not only low utilization rate but also poor results. Therefore, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer should be used as base fertilizer and mixed with organic fertilizer, or as fertilizer application. In this way, fertilizers are gradually released for use by crops, and they have long-lasting fertilizer effects, which are conducive to the steady growth of crops without premature decline. 4, pay attention to antagonism. Zinc fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer mixed application. Zinc sulphate and superphosphate have a severe "antagonism" effect, and the combined use of the two will inhibit the efficiency of zinc sulphate and reduce its effectiveness. Therefore, phosphorus fertilizer should be used as a base fertilizer, zinc fertilizer as a top-dressing fertilizer, or zinc fertilizer as a base fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer for seed dressing, can increase fertilizer efficiency. 5. Pay attention to the tolerance of the crop. Some crops are chlorine-tolerant crops, such as watermelons and other chlorine crops. If ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, and other chlorinated fertilizers are used, the sugar content of watermelons will decrease due to the action of chloride ions, affecting yield and quality. Therefore, when fertilizing, Care should be taken to consider the tolerance of the crop.
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