Strawberry wants good harvest, strong seedling is the key

"The seedlings are good for three percent of the income," It is the key to high yield, high quality, and high efficiency in cultivation of high-quality seedlings with thick rhizomes, well-developed root systems, good flower bud differentiation, and no pests and diseases. Now we will introduce the practical techniques as follows: 1. Planting parental plants (1) Selection of greenhouses for the use of improved varieties Strawberries should be selected from early-maturing varieties with large fruit size, strong aromas, high sugar content, high yield, strong resistance, and shallow dormancy, such as Fengxiang. , Chun Xiang, Zhang Ji, Jing Bao and so on. (2) The nursery field is prepared as a dedicated nursery field for cool, leeward, drainage and irrigation facilities, and fertile sandy soil. Two weeks before planting, the mother plants were deeply turned in the field, exposed for several days, or soil sterilized. Mushi fully cooked farmyard fertilizer 4000 kg, 20 kg of cake fertilizer, superphosphate 25 kg as a base fertilizer, combined with soil preparation and soil mixing, according to the width of 2 meters, 0.3 meters high for concrete leveling. (3) Mother planting mother plant Parent plant or production field Selected varieties of pure, short stem thick 1 cm or more, 4-5 expanded leaves, well-developed rootless, robust disease-free plant as mother plant, in May Planting before the first half of the year, planting in the center of the loquat or the side of the loquat according to the 60-80 cm spacing, planting about 700 loess. Select the cloudy soil with planting in the cloudy sky. Take the “deep not buried in the heart, the light does not reveal roots”, and then pour the root water. 2. Breeding strong seedlings (1) Remove the spikes and remove the inflorescences and heads from the mother plants in time to reduce nutrient consumption and promote the occurrence of stolons. And at any time remove the dead leaves and the lower leaves of the mother plants. (2) Fertilizer management During the blooming period of strawberry stalks, the sorghum flour is often kept moist. It is best to apply shade to the surface to facilitate the seedlings to take root. Pay attention to the drainage of the ditch when it rains to prevent the rot of the strawberry. Stem seedlings should not be over-fertilized with nitrogenous fertilizer during the peak period of development, but may be poured once every 15-20 days with fully decomposed dilute human urine or 0.3% quick-release compound fertilizer. Combine pest control with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other foliar fertilizers for extra-root fertilizer. (3) The seedling pressure vines are used to arrange the vines timely in the peak period of the pods, and the mother plants are arranged radially in the middle of the pods, and the unilateral arrangement is adopted on the side of the pods to prevent the emergence of floating seedlings due to overlapping vines, or due to partial overgrowth. The dense and over-diluted seedlings cause uneven growth and dead seedlings. At the same time, earth is pressed on the node at the root of emergence and emergence to promote the emergence of adventitious roots. Each tuber was left with 2-3 shoots and picked up. (4) Manual weed control is generally used for weed control, but care should be taken not to pull the stems as much as possible to avoid affecting the seedlings. If herbicides are used for weed control, 48% trifluralin can eradicate germinating annual grasses or broad-leaved weed seeds, generally 5 days before planting; control grass weeds with 12.5% ​​of herbicides or 35 % Stable killing; plots dominated by broad-leaved weeds can be sprayed with 24% Dacroc. The above herbicides are safer for strawberries. (5) The fake planting of strawberry seedlings in greenhouses is generally conducted from July to August. Select a small number of seedlings that have taken root, have the same size, and have 2-4 unfolded leaves. Cut the vines 2 cm near the side of the seedlings. Remove the old leaves of the diseased leaves and plant them in the vegetative ridges according to the size of the seedlings. The plant is 1.2 meters wide and the plant spacing is 15 centimeters and 20 centimeters. With soil transplant, so that it does not root out nor do not silt, while the side of the watering, and shade to cool, cover the shade cover on the night, timely removal of shade after survival, often to keep the soil moist, leave 30- 60 days, about 45 days is appropriate, too long seedlings are easy to aging. During the pre-planting period, the axillary stem and old leaf diseased leaves were removed, and the basal fertilizer was less applied to the sham-planting seedlings. However, more fertilizer was applied. According to the growth condition of the seedlings, generally, the urea 8-10 kg can be topdressed once in mid-August. (6) There are several methods to promote flower bud differentiation, which can be combined individually. 1), shading treatment. It is generally started in mid-August with a shade net of 50-60%. 2) Short daylight treatment. In the 15-20 days before flower bud differentiation, the strawberry seedlings were covered with black film from 4 pm to 8 am and the seedlings were allowed to receive only 8 hours of short days. Continuous treatment for more than 15 days. 3) Nitrogen control. After mid-August, nitrogen fertilizer application was controlled and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were added. 4), picking leaves off. Before flower bud differentiation, use a blade to cut about 10 cm around the fake planting seedlings at a depth of about 5 cm. Bring the seedlings back up after being dug up, once every other week, for a total of 2-3 times, and one week before planting to reduce the absorption of nitrogen fertilizer. . The old leaves were removed in time, and 4-5 pieces of robust leaves were kept in each strain. 5) Hormone treatment. One month before the start of colonization, spray 5 mg/kg of plant growth retardant such as abscisic acid or chlormequat. In addition, there are methods such as low-temperature treatment. 6) Diseases and pests control Common diseases of strawberry seedlings include anthracnose, verticillium wilt, leaf spot, etc. Common agents for preventing and treating such diseases include chlorothalonil, agricultural antibiotics 120, and ecstasy. Common pests include aphids, noctuid beetles, aphids, cockroaches, and ground tigers, and may be controlled by agents such as chlorfenadine, dioxin-killed, cypermethrin, phoximphos, and cymbadiol.

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