Tree structure selection and cultivation in Taoyuan

Peach cultivation in the northern region is mainly based on the three main branch cup-shaped happy-shape, with 1 or 3 large lateral branches on each main branch, ranging in height from 30 to 70 cm, with a branch angle of 30-80, and a height of 2 -4m range; planting methods are not uniform. Overall there is a lack of appropriate standards. In recent years, the author investigated Taoyuan in Pinggu and Hebei's Mancheng, Leting and other places and put forward the following insights on the structure of Taoyuan tree for reference.

1 Taoyuan tree structure selection

1.1 Planting methods

Take 2.0~2.5mx5.0~7.0m spacing.

(1) The dry height is 60cm, and the barren ground may be slightly shorter; the height of the tree before harvesting shall not exceed 2.5m, and after the winter cut shall not exceed 3.0m. (2) The number of branches is two. The two main branches of the tree adopt a happy shape. The branch groups directly play on the main branch. The angle between the branch group and the main branch is above 75. In this way, the distance between the backbone branches is basically the same as the spacing between the plants, eliminating the invalid triangle, which is beneficial to improve the yield and quality of the fruit. (3) 45-60 degrees before cutting fruit and 40-50 after winter cutting

2 Tree structure culture

2.1 Management after Dries and Dries

(1) Drying 70-80cm. It is best to have 4 or 5 full shoots above 50cm. (2) Remove excess buds promptly after germination. (3) When the new shoot grows to 20cm, choose two new shoots with good corners and relatively uniform growth as the main branch, and the rest will be picked up. In contrast to standing varieties, the tip of the first bud does not serve as the main branch when it is dry, and it picks up the heart in time to open the angle of the new shoot below.

2.2 Pruning

(1) Winter shears adopt the pruning method of “one tight, two loose and three dumping” to treat the main branch extension head. That is, the first year of winter shear should be relatively heavy, the small growth of the cut 30-50cm, the growth of the large cut 50-70cm, cut the diameter should be greater than 1cm; the second year of winter cut to be relatively light, so that Soil branches open angle 45-60, extend the first end from the line between the middle line less than 50cm, can be lightly cut to the apricot fruit branches; the first three years of winter shear, usually dumped or cut to the apricot branches, after cutting Keep more than 100 spaces between two rows. (2) Summer shearing mainly eliminates excess shoots and controls erect shoots and competition shoots. When the vertical shoots and the shoots grow up to 20 or more, they leave 15-20 cm to pick the heart, so that the resulting branches form a skew branchlet group.

2.3 Lazhi

(1) In August of the year of colonization, the two main branches were respectively pulled between two rows and fixed so that the two main branches were in the same vertical plane as much as possible, and the main branch opening angle was 40. (2) Pull the main branch to 45 in the early August of the second year. Through three years of shaping, trimming and pulling branches, the basic tree structure is built.

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