Typhoon Sudirro has just passed. Heavy rains in Jidong caused Fuding to suffer heavy losses. As aquaculture industry relying on food for the days, every typhoon and rainstorm will not only seriously damage the breeding hardware and facilities. It is very important, before and after typhoon and heavy rain, how farmers can prevent diseases from a technical point of view. What?

The source of the hazard of rain

The pH change of rainwater is generally acidic (even more so with acid rain), and aquaculture waters are generally weakly alkaline. If it is a heavy rain, it will cause a drastic change in pH.

Stratification of water quality, lack of oxygen at the bottom of the water relative to the aquaculture water, the density is relatively small (relatively light), so the rain weather, will cause the water up and down the convection, the rain will cut off the pond water and air. This results in a lack of oxygen at the bottom, resulting in dark oxygen deficiency.

Algae change the lack of sunlight caused by the death of algae, the water becomes thinner. Insufficient photosynthesis due to lack of algae and sunlight → lack of oxygen and lack of oxygen.

The two major sources of dissolved oxygen in water—air and algae photosynthesis—have all been affected. As a result, the dissolved oxygen in the pond, particularly at the bottom, is insufficient, resulting in dark oxygen deficiency. What needs to be clarified here is that typhoon and rainstorm, because of the heavy rainfall, fish and shrimp do not necessarily float to the surface. Many farmers think that it is okay. In fact, the fish and shrimp at the bottom have already floated to the middle of the water body and are only invisible. Only.

Changes in trace elements The amount of minerals in rainwater is extremely low. Acid rain can also bring sulphur and stress fish and shrimp. Saltwater and brackish water aquaculture also produces salinity changes.

Changes in the temperature difference Before and after the rain, changes in temperature cause changes in the water temperature.

Water quality, bottom matter pollution and rain causes algae metabolism to slow down, organic matter (fertilizer) cannot be absorbed by algae, organic matter accumulates more and more in the water body, especially in the bottom of the pond, and nitrous acid and ammonia nitrogen may increase.

Impact of Rain Weather on Aquaculture

In fact, the impact of rain on aquaculture is all-encompassing and all indicators are changing. And changes in all indicators of water quality (including water temperature) cause fish and shrimp stress.

The main impact of rainwater on aquaculture is water quality changes, dissolved oxygen deficiency, fish and shrimp stress, sediment pollution, and algae changes. How do we respond to these factors?

First, how to reduce changes in water quality indicators:

1. Calcium carbonate (Dolomite powder): Used before it rains.

Usage 1: Hang bags.

Usage 2: Quanchiposa, the amount of 20 kg -200 kg / mu can be.

Cause: Calcium carbonate (Dolomite powder) is a buffer that stabilizes water and reduces pH changes.

2. Trace element products: supplement with trace elements such as calcium and magnesium, supplement before, during and after raining.

3. Conditional can think of ways to drain away surface water.

4. Water purification reform:

Objectives: To reduce water turbidity, control water quality changes, and improve sediment quality. Such as the end of change overlord 3-5 acres / bag.

Second, how to deal with dissolved oxygen deficiency:

1. Aerator: Keep open as much as possible, at least in turn.

Purpose: To exchange water under the pool to prevent water stratification. Air can dissolve into the bottom of the pool.

2. Supplementary Oxygenation Agent: Normally, it should be used after 10 o'clock in the evening. Special conditions such as blackouts, use once every hour - 2 hours.

Objective: To prevent the lack of oxygen at the bottom and prevent floating heads. 3. Focus on prevention and control: In rainy weather, feeds must be strictly controlled or even stopped to reduce the pollution to water quality and sediment quality. The residual bait and feces can increase the oxygen consumption of the water body. If the rain weather is over-fed, it can easily cause the lack of oxygen.

Third, how to reduce fish and shrimp stress: 1. Detoxification anti-stress:

1 Detoxification of organic acids (fruit acids). 2 Vitamin C products anti-stress.

3 Note: Any product has a drug efficacy time. There is no such thing as using a three-day tube. Before and after the rain, detoxification and anti-stress must be performed once a day.

2. The most important thing is to adjust the physique of fish and shrimp in advance before it rains so as to cope with the environmental changes in rainy weather.

Fourth, how to control the bottom pollution: 1. Change the bottom:

Before the onset of typhoon and other rainy weather, it is necessary to improve the sediment quality in advance. Reduce the pollution at the bottom and inhibit the propagation of harmful bacteria.

2. Key points: Once again, in rainy weather, it is necessary to strictly control the feeding or even stopping of the material to reduce the pollution to the water quality and sediment quality.

Fifth, how to deal with algae death (water becomes thin):

1. Sufficient dissolved oxygen: Typhoons and other rainy weather, the aerator must be opened more. Once the dissolved oxygen is insufficient, it is easy to produce acute algae. The algae will also increase the serious deficiency of dissolved oxygen and form a vicious cycle. Therefore, in order to ensure the algae vitality, not only the oxygen enrichment machine should be opened more, but also depending on the situation. .

2. Before the rain, regular use of viable products, such as Bacillus, EM bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, etc., to maintain the vitality of algae.

3. Do not blindly add fertilizer after rain and rain. It is recommended to use black earth essence (humic acid) 1 kg - 2 kg/mu to maintain the water color.

More than 80% of fish and shrimp are onset after sunny weather. Clear weather does not mean safety, but it is the most dangerous time after 3 days of rain! Why is it even more dangerous when it is sunny?

Once again, changes in all indicators of water quality have caused another stress in fish and shrimp (first in rainwater).

After fine weather, the temperature of the water rises, causing changes in the activities of all things in the pool water, and the changes are all going towards an increasing trend:

1 Algae began to grow more and the water began to become fat.

2 The amount of feed fed increased, and the residual bait and feces increased. These organics began to ferment at the bottom of the pool. At the bottom of the pond, toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and methane are produced.

3 bacteria began to multiply and increase, including beneficial bacteria and pathogenic bacteria.

4 The virus began to multiply and increase. 5 Increased fish and shrimp activities.

All changes are increasing, and all changes are substantial consumption of oxygen. At the same time, as the temperature rises, viruses and bacteria multiply and increase, increasing the incidence of fish and shrimp infections.

Rain fine post-processing advice

First, attach importance to dissolved oxygen: After the rain is fine, aerator must be more open! When the density is too high and the temperature is rising too fast, it is also necessary to add an oxygenating agent to prevent the lack of oxygen and algae at the bottom.

Second, the reasonable control of materials: Do not feed too fast, it is best to maintain the amount of rain weather feed for 3 days. After 3 days, it is best to add no more than 10% per day.

Case: We can often see that every time the typhoon rain weather, continuous rainwater did not make the disease and floating head of fish and shrimp. After the weather is fine, there are floating heads of oxygen-free shrimp ponds, all without exception, have a characteristic, eating particularly fierce, and farmers do not control feed feeding, no collective 3 days float head!

Third, can not be over-fertilized: If you really need fertilizer and water to live bacteria, fertilizers only play a leading role. It should also be noted here that Bacillus has a lot of characteristics of oxygen consumption. If the weather is fine after the rain in high temperatures, supplementing Bacillus must not be rushed. The supplemental Bacillus preferably waits until the weather is stable, and must ensure that the dissolved oxygen is sufficient, otherwise it is very easy to cause fish and shrimp to float.

4. After sunny: The increase of temperature makes the algae multiply, the pH easily rises above 9.0, and the cyanobacteria begin to produce.

Prevention and treatment:

EM Water Transfer King (Lactobacillus King) 1L - 2L/Mu + Brown Sugar 5 kg - 8 kg/Mu.

This method can not only reduce the pH, but also inhibit the production of cyanobacteria. Of course, this is not always the case. Special attention must be paid to whether the pH value is excessive or not.

Fifth, detoxification, anti-stress: rain to detoxify anti-stress, more need after the rain! After the rain is fine, continuous detoxification and anti-stress for at least 3 days.

Sixth, change the bottom: prevent organic substances from being fermented. The higher the temperature is, the faster the organic matter will decompose and ferment. The relatively low temperature in rainy weather, when the temperature changes to fine, the temperature rises, and the organic matter reacts in a large amount in a short period of time. If control is not appropriate, not only will ammonia-nitrogen nitrite increase the climb, but it will also result in insufficient dissolved oxygen. Severely, it will also cause algae, return to the bottom, and cause disease. Therefore, in fine weather after the rain, it is necessary to carry out work at the end of the year to reduce the pressure on the environment and ensure sufficient dissolved oxygen.

Seven, sterilization, killing virus:

1, external use:

(1) Disinfection: Shrimp culture is recommended for use after rain: potassium persulfate, allicin, tetramethylol sulphate, and other relatively mild disinfectants, and it is best to choose granules of the above drugs, the focus is to disinfect the bottom, control Vibrio.

From the point of view of fish culture, the weather after the rain is fine, and it is often a high incidence of gingivitis. We must do a good job of disinfection and prevention. Fish culture is recommended to use surfactants, chlorine-based drugs.

(2) Bacteriostatic bacteria: The growth of pathogenic bacteria and harmful bacteria is suppressed by viable bacteria such as Yuehai Shengshui, Fushuimei, EM liquid, and probiotics.

2 Oral:

Oral administration is a necessary part of preventing bacterial and viral diseases. Prevent and kill pathogens from the body. After the rain is fine, appropriate functional drugs such as florfenicol, enrofloxacin, and Chinese herbal medicines should be fed, taking 3 days to 5 days as a preventive course of treatment. Then, it is necessary to take orally nutritional additives (such as multi-dimensional, immune polysaccharides, lactic acid bacteria, etc.) for 5 days to 7 days to strengthen the body and help restore the physical fitness of fish and shrimp.

The whole process of rain weather is summarized

Before the rain: Constitution, water quality.

In the rain: dissolved oxygen, water quality, anti-drug anti-stress, control of material, change the bottom.

After the rain: dissolved oxygen, control of materials, detoxification anti-stress, bacteria and viruses, change the bottom, live bacteria.

The most important thing is: aerators, once again emphasizing the most misunderstandings in farming, please take your lesson:

1. The typhoon does not start aerators when it rains. It is considered that the wind is large enough: In fact, there is not enough oxygen at the bottom.

2. After the storm rains, it's hard to add material: it usually begins after 3 days.

3. There are rain and typhoon detoxification anti-stress measures, but only once: In fact, any medicine is not so powerful effect can be managed for 3 days.

4. Ignore bottom management: In fact, the problem is often that the bottom sediment is too dirty before it rains, and it is too late to handle it after rain.

5. Re-healing and lighter prevention: Paying attention to the management of drugs: The success of farming is important. It is important to manage and prevent diseases. It is the best technology if no problems arise.

In rainy weather, the impact on aquaculture is all-encompassing, and the links to be noted are also very numerous, and each link must be done. As long as one link does not pay attention, problems arise and a chain reaction occurs. This is also the reason why after every typhoon, there is a large area of ​​disease. Understanding the source of the problem, grasping the core of the problem, and resolving the underlying issues will enable us to deal with typhoon and rain weather.

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