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First, the trend
1. Scab: According to the comprehensive analysis of the factors such as the amount of bacteria in the field, the resistance of varieties, the growth process of wheat, and the weather trends during the heading and flowering period, it is expected that scab disease will have a higher prevalence risk this year. One is the abundant source of bacteria in the field. On April 17th, the incidence of culm culms on rice field piles was estimated to be 1.27% (0 to 6.9%) and 0.31% (0 to 1.42%), respectively, which is equivalent to the amount of bacteria produced in the year of major outbreak. Gibberella is more prevalent on the condition; the second is a large area of ​​susceptible species. The main varieties of wheat in our county are still dominated by the Huai Mai series, which are not resistant to disease, and supplemented by some northern rice varieties with high disease susceptibility. The internal factors will increase the occurrence of head blight; third, the field seedlings are complex. Since March, the sudden change of temperature and temperature has had a greater impact on the field seedlings. The recent spring wheat stripping process, drought and flood and Zheng Mai 9023 and other spring precocious varieties are expected to reach the initial stage of flowering (heading rate 5% to 10%). From April 24th to 27th, planting areas such as Huai Mai 20, which is a semi-winter variety, from the heading to the flowering stage from April 28 to May 3, due to unbalanced fertility in the field The flowering period is elongated, and the chances of continuous weather such as rain and fog are high, which increases the risk of disease. Fourth, the weather conditions are favorable. According to weather forecast, the climate from the end of April to the beginning of May of this year is similar to last year. It is prone to rain, fog, and other weather. It is easy to form high-temperature and wet weather, which is conducive to the infection of scab strains.
2. Powdery mildew: There is a large imbalance between fields, and the condition is severe in some areas. The current incidence is generally heavier than the same period of last year. Comprehensive analysis of the incidence of base, seedlings, climate, it is expected that the occurrence of mildew disease, local occurrence. First, the current condition is high. On March 22, we saw the onset of the disease, which is an early-onset year. In the recent survey system, the average diseased plant rate was 51.33% (32% to 62.0%), and the diseased leaf rate was 14.35% (4.75% to 20.75%) on average; 48 wheat fields were surveyed, the diseased field rate was 58.33%, and the diseased plant rate was 10.63% ( 0 to 73.0%), the average disease leaf rate was 4.04% (0 to 36.5%); the second was a high proportion of susceptible varieties, and the Huaimai series and other susceptible varieties had large planting areas in our county, and the amount of wheat planted in recent years was large. The plant density in the field is higher, which is more conducive to the expansion of the disease; the third is suitable weather conditions, the temperature will rise in late April, and accompanied by rainy weather, the occurrence and development of powdery mildew is more favorable.
3, wheat ear: by the sudden changes in temperature and warmth and rainfall, the current field volume is low. In the recent survey of 48 wheat fields, there was 12.5% ​​of the croplands, the average planting rate was 0.25% (0 to 3.0%), and the average planting quantity of 100 plants was 0.67 (0 to 10.0), which was lower than the level of the previous year. Aphids are expected to occur moderately. If the temperature is high and there is little rain at the heading stage, the aphid will rapidly multiply and increase the degree of damage.
4, wheat field planthoppers: recent surveys, the average per mu insect volume was 28,500 heads (0.6 ~ 48,000 heads), lower than the same period last year, see insects in the mouth accounted for 68.42% adults, older nymphs accounted for 31.58%, is expected to generate a generation of gray The early stage of nymphs at the age of 5 inhabitants was early in May.
5. Mythimna separata: Insecticides were inserted on March 1 and no eggs were found on April 15. It is expected that the overall armyworm will appear to be lighter.
Second, the prevention and treatment of the disease head-and-shear diseases and insect pests mainly affected by wheat scab on the wheat yield and quality, which Fusarium head blight can prevent and can not be cured, once the epidemic, can not be saved. All localities must adhere to the prevention and control strategy of “proactively attacking and prevention oriented†and adhere to the technical measures of “appropriate prevention and control, drug and fertilizer sprayingâ€. Fully realize that the first prevention and control is the most important, based on two undisturbed prevention and control, three prevention and treatment needs, serious efforts to do the "one spray and three preventions" campaign in the wheat panicle stage, vigorously promote the unified defense rule, and effectively control the damage of pests at the wheat ear stage .
1. Control targets: Indications of wheat scab, powdery mildew, aphids, concurrent treatment of Laodelphax striatellus, wheat armyworm.
2, control time: wheat early flowering period (heading rate 5% -10%, heading rate 70% -80%) use the first drug (the county main body time in April 28 - May 3), Use a second dose every 5 days. At the beginning of the grouting period, the high-temperature wet weather or high-risk wheat variety, such as dwarf resistance 58, Jimai 22, and the like, were promptly used for the third time after the second administration of the drug.
3, pharmaceutical formulations: The first prevention and treatment of mu 40% polyketide 100 ~ 150 g or 47% polyketide 85 ~ 130 g or 25% cyanocaverin 100 g (fungicide, three elections one) +25% pyrazole Ketone 20 grams (insecticide) + 50 grams of foliar fertilizer. If the insect pests are effectively controlled, the second and third sterilizations can be used in the above formulations alone.
Powdery mildew re-emerged fields, with 15% triadimefon 30-50 g per mu; Seeing the pests of the armyworm (leaves being missing in the form of a blade), increasing the use of 25% cyanopharmacin in 50 ml.
Third, pay attention to matters (1) fight the amount of drugs: If the application of fog, rain, the amount of agents are capped. Within 12 hours after the drug, it rained, and immediately after the rain, the amount of the drug was increased to make a treatment. (2) Amount of water: The amount of water per mu is not less than 50 kg for manual spraying and not less than 20 kg for motorized fogging. Spray thoroughly to ensure control effect. (3) Play a suitable period: The county's large-scale prevention and treatment time is only used as a guide. Due to the differences in regional soil quality, variety, sowing time, and field management level, the heading time of different plots of wheat differs by 7 to 10 days. Farmers should accurately grasp the initial indicators of wheat heading and flowering in field plots to apply drugs according to the specific fertility of wheat in the field, and too early and late will affect the control effect.
Why wheat looks yellow to find reasons for clever prevention
In Suining County, wheat will enter the heading and flowering stage one after another. Scab stage pests, such as head blight, powdery mildew, aphid, etc., will also enter the critical period of occurrence of peak harm and prevention and treatment. Based on the analysis of related factors such as the field crops, the occurrence of disease and insect pests, and the climate, it is expected that the incidence of pests and diseases in wheat headings will tend to be heavier this year. Among them, head blight has a tendency to focus on the above epidemic. Mildew occurs in the occurrence of powdery mildew, large masses occur in the field, moderate occurrence of panicle blast, and lightness of the armyworm. To this end, all localities must attach great importance to intensifying publicity and launching activities, seize the period from wheat heading to grain filling, take the initiative to take the initiative, prevent drug use during appropriate period, and conscientiously implement the “one spray and three defenses†policy measures, and make every effort to do the best with wheat scab. "One spray and three defenses" work to ensure a bumper wheat harvest.