Rice is one of the important food crops in China and has a wide range of cultivation. Today, Xiaobian will introduce the early rice planting of japonica rice, and the high-quality and high-efficiency planting mode of late-season rice-planting high-quality alfalfa hybrid rice. I hope to provide a reference for everyone to grow rice. Suitable area: It is suitable for the double-season rice area with good foundation and good water conservancy facilities. The focus is on the demonstration and promotion of the double-season rice areas in the Poyang Lake and the Shunfu Plain. It is not suitable for planting in hilly areas, where the humidity is high or the soil is thin. Technical goal The hybrid rice yield is 600-650 kg per mu, and the comprehensive benefit of mu is more than 550 yuan. Technical points Early rice high quality and efficient cultivation technology Early rice should be selected from early-maturing and early-maturing varieties with high yield, high yield, stable yield and strong resistance, such as Zhongjiazao 17, Zhongzao 39 and Zhuliangyou 39. In the middle and late March, seeding was carried out by throwing planting or machine insertion. High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation techniques for alfalfa hybrid late rice 1. Scientific selection of good varieties Planting alfalfa hybrid rice should be carried out in a field with sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, good tillage and high soil fertility. It is estimated that the level of soil fertility without fertilization is 300-350 kg or more, and the fertility deviation field is 100-150 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, and the yield of alfalfa hybrid rice is over 650 kg. The scientific selection of good varieties on the basis of the selection of good fields is the key to the high yield and high efficiency of hybrid rice. It is advisable to choose the dominant varieties with high quality, high yield and strong resistance, such as Yuyou 1538, Yuyou 538 and Yuyou 9. 2. Strictly pour the disinfection pass Before planting, choose to spread the sun evenly for 1-2 days to increase the seed germination potential and germination rate. When drying, do not expose to the cement field to avoid high temperature burns. After sun-breeding, the seeds are firstly immersed in water for 24 hours, and then intermittently soaked with imidate and other agents for more than 12 hours to prevent seed-borne diseases. Pay attention to the combination of immersion during soaking, which ensures that the seeds are fully hydrated and have sufficient oxygen supply. Indica hybrid rice is different from japonica rice, and it should be kept for more than 36 hours. After soaking seeds, put them in a well-ventilated device and temper them until they are broken. 3. Prepare the trampoline for sowing Choose a field with a leeward sun, convenient irrigation and drainage, and fertile soil for the field. Apply the base fertilizer before the whole hoe, apply 10-15 kg of urea, 20-25 kg of calcium or 3-5 yuan of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 25-30 kg. Putian is doing straight, with a width of 1.5 meters, a width of 0.3 meters and a depth of 0.15 meters. The sowing date of the hybrid late rice is reasonably arranged according to the fertility characteristics of the variety and the early rice harvest period, and generally should be from late June to the end of June, and no later than the beginning of July. Under the premise of considering the early rice harvesting period and the hybrid rice late rice suitable for planting short larvae, early sowing can be carried out as early as possible, which is beneficial to prolong the vegetative growth period and effective tillering stage of alfalfa hybrid rice, so as to achieve high yield and high efficiency. 4. Cultivate the leaves and the same The use of wet seedlings or plastic trays to cultivate the leaves and stalks. Taking hybrids as an example, hybrid rice late weeds are arranged according to the ratio of 秧 比 to 1:10, and the area is less than 22 days, the amount of seed used is 1.75 kilograms; the seeding amount of plastic trays is 2-3 seeds per hole. About 20 days old. For example, if you use a 353-hole plastic plate, you need to make 90 pieces of plate, and sow about 20-25 grams of dry seeds per plate. Select 434-hole plastic disc, about 70 pieces of trays, about 25-30 grams of dry seeds per dish; machine transplanted Datian late ç²³ acres to broadcast 35-38 trays, each tray 60-70 grams, age should not exceed 20 days, to About 18 days is appropriate. Depending on the size of the seed 1000-grain weight, it can be adjusted appropriately. Try to reduce the amount of seeds by dilute sowing and improve the quality of the seedlings. 5. Guaranteed shift (throwing) planting reasonable basic seedlings Reasonable basic seedlings are the key to optimizing rice population structure and tapping the yield potential of alfalfa hybrid rice.籼粳 籼粳 晚 晚 晚 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 10,000; machine plugging as far as possible to choose a narrow 7-inch machine, planting specifications to 25 × 14 cm is appropriate, if the traditional 9-inch machine, planting specifications to 30 × 12 cm is appropriate, and appropriate adjustment to ensure the amount of enough The basic seedlings. 6. Reasonable field fertilizer management According to the basic level of the province's basic yield of about 350 kg per mu, the output of 650 kg is the target of nitrogen fertilizer application, the hybrid rice is applied to the late rice, 14-16 kg of pure nitrogen, and the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are cultivated according to high yield. N:P2O5:K2O =1 : 0.3-0.5: 0.8-1 is determined by the amount of scalar. Nitrogen fertilizer operation is carried out according to the ratio of base, alfalfa and panicle fertilizer ratio of 5:2:3 or 4:3:3. The base fertilizer is applied in the field of ploughing before the transplanting (throwing) planting, and the fertilizer is transferred to the crop (throwing) for 7 days. Apply left and right, the ear fertilizer is applied when the inverted 3 leaves or the inverted 2 leaves are taken out. Phosphate fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer once, and potassium fertilizer can be divided into base fertilizer and panicle fertilizer twice, each accounting for 50%. If the total amount is determined, if compound fertilizer or commercial organic fertilizer is used, N, P, and K are calculated according to the actual amount of fertilizer used. 7.Scientific management of water and strong roots The water management of alfalfa hybrid rice in the whole growth period is mainly wet irrigation, and the shallow water transplanting in the transplanting (throwing) planting period, the thin water returns to the green tree 5-7 days after planting. The tillering period is mainly based on thin dew irrigation. It is not suitable for deep water irrigation and many times to promote the roots. When the number of seedlings in the field reaches about 80% of the planned number of panicles, the drying of the field control is ineffective, and the shallow water layer is established from the jointing stage to the heading stage to ensure that there is “watering and floweringâ€; compared with indica rice, the hybrid rice has a long grain filling period. After the heading, it is necessary to pour more water once, and the whole period is divided into multiple shallow water irrigations. It is recommended that the water should be kept moist in the field after the water is not seen. The “dry, wet and wet seeds†should be implemented. In the later stage, the water should not be cut off too early to ensure that the seeds at the base of the ear are fully cooked. 8. Comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases In the Putian period, we will focus on the prevention and control of mite disease, rice blast, rice locusts, rice planthoppers, etc., and we will give a “give medicine†before planting. In the early stage of Honda, the main control of stem borer and rice leaf roller, and the key prevention and control of sheath blight, rice smut, rice planthopper and panicle neck stalk in the middle and late period. Because of the large panicle size and grain density of hybrid rice, the initial heading time is longer, especially the prevention and control of rice smut disease, and the key points are 7-10 days before the heading break, namely the main stem flag leaf and the inverted two leaf leaf pillow. At the time of flushing and at the two points of the heading stage, use epoxiconazole, benzepazole, tebuconazole, carbendazole, tebuconazole, thiazolamide and other agents to prevent and control the scientific use of sufficient water. effect. 9. Scientific weeding and safe medication Indica hybrid rice is more sensitive to herbicide application than japonica rice, and it is necessary to scientifically select suitable chemicals to control weeds in different growth stages. Before sowing, we can use 40% benzalkonium chlorfenapyr for weeding, and the seedlings of 3 leaves and 1 heart period with 15% cyhalofopyrazine and pentafluorosulfuramide compounding agent for spraying and weeding; 5-7 after field transplanting Days, use 37.5% benzimidine wettable powder combined with tiller fertilizer application; careful selection of herbicide weeding at the end of the tillering and booting stage, optional 2.5% penoxsulam or 10% cyhalofopin spray . 10. Appropriate delay to reduce losses According to the characteristics of the hybrid rice, the heading to maturity is longer than that of the indica rice. It usually takes more than 50 days. It is recommended to harvest more than 95% of the grain per panicle when the grain is yellow. Do not cut off the water and harvest too early to avoid the impact. Seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and rice quality. risk warning 1. Cultivate short-lived and strong sputum. Soaking seeds with imidamide before sowing, dilute the seedlings, seedlings and transplanting, and control the age of the seedlings within 20-25 days; the hybrid rice seedlings for the dry nursery, the soaking seeds, the allergic soaking seedlings, the herbicides, etc. Sensitive, dosage and concentration should be reduced to below 1/2. Do not soak the heart of the water when spraying the herbicide. 2. Shallow water returns to green. The temperature of late rice transplanting period is high. After transplanting, the roots are exposed in time, shallow water is used to promote roots, and the root system of the hybrid rice is damaged and the tiller is blocked. 3. Prevent good rice smut and sheath blight. The key point is to take good control of the two points before heading, while paying attention to other pest control. 4. Properly delay the prevention of water cuts too early. After 7 hours, the water is poured once every 7-10 days. After the field is naturally dried, it is then added to the water. The roots and leaves are protected, the anti-reverse ability is enhanced, the seed setting rate is increased, and the 1000-grain weight is increased. The above is a high-quality and efficient cultivation technique in the early morning and evening, I hope to help you. The use of this technology to develop rice planting is more efficient. Electronic Locks,Cylinder Locks,Stainless Steel Locks,Stainless Steel Door Lock Ningbo Hengchieh Locking Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.yh-lock.com
