Rice-field fish farming can make full use of water resources to increase farmers' income and achieve "a two-purpose use of water, a dual crop, a win-win food and fishery." In order to comply with the new requirements for the development of modern ecological agriculture, the current comprehensive cultivation and development of rice fields in the country is very rapid, and it has gradually become a rich industry in which many local agricultural production increases and farmers increase their income. Fish species must have large specifications Rice paddy fish culture is different from pond fish farming, the water surface is small, the stocking capacity is small, and the growth period is a bit shorter. In order to increase the income of fish farming under the premise of increasing rice production, it is necessary to follow the market rules of high quality and high prices, and to require the fish to be stocked. Excellent varieties, pure quality, high market value. There are many good varieties to adapt to paddy field farming, such as high quality herring, grass carp, carp, carp, carp, carp, carp, carp, carp, tilapia and other fish or loach, crayfish and other special aquatic products. When selecting the species, select those excellent fish species or shrimp species with strong physique, strong activity, no disease, no injury, and neat specifications. If you want to fish early, the specifications of the fish species should be as large as possible when stocking, so that the rapid growth can be listed as soon as possible. The season for putting fish should be advanced, and fish and shrimp can be put into the ditch when the winter rice field is idle. The stocking density should be reasonable, and the specific stocking amount can be flexibly controlled according to the conditions of the paddy fields, the water quality environment, irrigation and drainage conditions, and management levels. When stocking operation, it is required to regulate the operation. Before the fish is put into the pond, it must be disinfected. Generally, 3% to 5% of salt water is used to bath fish and shrimp for 5 minutes to 10 minutes. When transporting fish species, the temperature difference between water temperature and Tanaka water should not exceed 2°C, and fish and shrimp should be put into the field when the water temperature is adjusted to be basically the same. The time for restocking must be in the morning or evening on a sunny day. Avoid stocking on rainy days or at noon on sunny days. Rice seeds are well planted and reasonable The fields where paddy fields are planted in an integrated manner require higher requirements for rice varieties. Since the fish farming in the fields can't cut water all the year round, and pesticides cannot be applied frequently, rice varieties should be selected to be hard, resistant to lodging, and resistant to diseases. Strong fertility and high yield varieties. In order to use rice fields for fish farming as soon as possible and increase the growth period of the fish species, the seedlings must be cultivated earlier. The specific time is based on the rice planting time in each area, and the sooner the better. In order to make full use of the area of ​​paddy fields and ensure the harvest of paddy fields, rice cultivars should be planted in a reasonable manner. When planting rice plants, wide and narrow rows should be planted in order to increase the number of planted plants. At the same time, seedlings should be planted to ensure rapid growth. In addition, we must make full use of the advantages of rice field side row, increase the planting density on the side of the ravine and the ditch, and ensure rice production. Fine feeding of training fish species Although paddy field cultivation can make full use of abundant feed resources such as various nutrients in paddy fields to cultivate fish species, and fish manure can be used as fertilizer and water, it does not mean that paddy field fish can rapidly grow fish without feeding. On the contrary, in order to increase fish and rice, it is necessary to strengthen fine feeding. Paddy fish can be fed with various feeds, such as wheat, corn, and rice cakes. If the farming scale is large, full-priced compound feed must be fed. Common full-price compound feed formulations include fishmeal 30%, soybean cake 20%, flour 15%, corn flour 15%, bran 15%, yeast 2.5%, plus minerals 2%, vitamin 0.5%. Above 35%, the daily feed volume is 3% to 5% of the total fish body weight in paddy fields. If you use the farmer's existing resources for self-mixing, it is best to be processed into pellets. In feeding, the principle of "Four Ding" fine feed is emphasized, namely timing, quantitative, qualitative, and fixed. Two times a day are fed routinely, between 8 am and 9 am and between 3 pm and 4 pm. Generally, fishes grow fastest when they are above 25°C. At this time, the amount of feeding should be increased. In case of bad weather such as rain or sweltering, the fish should be reduced or stopped feeding. Observe the feeding conditions of the fish when feeding, and adjust the feeding amount and feeding frequency accordingly. Fine feeding can promote the rapid and healthy growth of fish, rapid weight gain, high yield, and accordingly improve the comprehensive benefits of paddy field fish. Rational fertilization with caution medication Fertilization in paddy fields is not only conducive to the growth of rice, but also provides nutrients for fish growth, which is beneficial to both fish and rice. Therefore, fertilization must focus on scientific application techniques. Fertilizers are generally dominated by organic fertilizers. When plowing is started in the paddy field, 200 kg per acre will be used as a base fertilizer to achieve the effect of fattening fish. The topdressing requires a small number of times, but also try to use organic fertilizer, but the amount of fertilizer should be lower than the conventional pond fish, generally reduced by 10% to 15%. In the prevention and treatment of diseases in paddy fields, it is important to remember to use drugs carefully because many rice disease prevention and treatment drugs have greater damage to fish, which not only inhibits the growth of fish, but also endangers life. The prevention and control of rice pests and diseases must be based on ecological control. For example, herbicides in paddy fields should be used sparingly. If weeding is to be done by hand, we must remove the herbicides. Some diseases can be solved by using natural herbs such as grass ash to prevent or manually catch insects. If you must use drugs, you should use high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue drug types. Do not use banned fishery drugs, and do not use highly toxic pesticides. When applying rice to rice, it is best to use a spraying method. When spraying, the nozzle sprays upwards, spraying the medicine on the foliage as much as possible to reduce the amount of the drug falling into the water and prevent poisoning of the fish. If the pesticide is a powder, it must be sprayed in the morning when the dew is not dry so that the drug adheres to the foliage and does not fall into the water. If it is a liquid, it should be sprayed after the dew is dry so that the rice leaf can absorb the drug. To ensure the safety of the fish in the trenches, fill the field water with rice before the application of pesticides to dilute the drug concentration, replace the field water immediately after application, and inject fresh non-toxic water. Pay attention to the weather forecast when applying pesticides. Do not spray before the rain. Spraying before the rain can neither cure rice disease nor increase the risk of fish poisoning. Anti-tube combined with Baotian fishery To carry out comprehensive cultivation of paddy fields, we must do a good job in the construction, protection and management of breeding projects. First, excavate the fishing rod in the center of the rice field and the side of the field, dig the outer ring ditch about 1.5 meters away from the inside of the field, and then excavate the inner valley on the field surface in the outer ring ditch, and mix the fishing rod and the fish ditch. Open up to each other. When excavating the outer ring ditch, earthwork can be used to reinforce the field hoe and compaction to prevent leakage. Barriers should be set at the water inlet and outlet of the field to prevent fish from being lost and to prevent enemy animals from entering the trench. After the fish species enters the ditch, they should implement healthy culture and operate according to the regulations. The fish species shall be sterilized with salt water or potassium permanganate before dipping into the field. At the same time, the lime solution shall be applied to the fish squid ditch every 10 days or a half months to adjust the pH value of the pool water to slightly alkaline and use biological substances. Formulations improve the microbial structure of ponds to improve water quality. After the fish went into the field, they should pay attention to regulating the water quality. Generally, the livestock manure was applied once a week. The water was changed once or twice a week, and 20% to 30% of the field water was changed every time. Usually pay attention to the water temperature, when the summer water temperature is too high can be used to deepen the method of controlling the water temperature. In bad weather, it is necessary to strengthen field management, clear water inlets, and ensure the safety of fish. Anti-theft anti-theft particles return The management of paddy field fish farming should be meticulous. Pay attention to day and night field inspections, and inspect the fields daily more than once a day. Observe whether fish feeding is normal, whether there are floating heads, whether the growth of rice is good, whether there are loopholes in the field, and whether the bars are blocked. Loosening, whether the rice has morbidity, lodging, etc., to find problems to take timely measures to deal with. At the same time, because the field is open to the wild, fish are concentrated in the fish squid ditch easy to fish, so it is best to put bamboo sticks, branches and other obstacles in the fish ditch to prevent theft, to build a good duty room in the field, to ensure that people On duty. The construction, protection and management of comprehensive cropping and planting projects in the field will ensure the healthy and safe growth of fish, and will ensure the yield and benefits, and achieve the effect of both harvesting and harvesting. "Catching" "replenishing" combined with a balanced listing In the process of rice growth, fish are also growing rapidly, so it is usually necessary to pay attention to control the amount of fish in the field water, because the high temperature period is also a golden period of rapid weight gain of fish, fish grow quickly, when the fish When the body growth rate exceeds the amount of fish contained in the water body, the risk of dead fish may occur due to lack of oxygen. At this time, the strategy of “catching big and staying small, balanced listing†should be adopted, and the work of catching and wheeling should be done well. When the fish market is realized, a certain number of large-sized fish species can be added according to the volume of the water body, or fast-growing varieties such as high-quality squid and tilapia can be added, and the fish can be combined with actual fishing and replanted several times to adjust scientifically. The amount of fish contained in the water body is combined with catching up and supplementing, and it is listed on the market in a balanced way, achieving stable production and high yields, and increasing revenues several times.
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