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Sweet sorghum has strict requirements on soil quality, and the pH can grow in soils with a pH of 5.0-8.5. However, due to the small size of sweet sorghum seeds, the top soil capacity is weak, and the quality of soil preparation is required.
Deep, flat, fine, crushed, remove weeds and apply base fertilizer, 667 m2 farmer manure 2-3 tons, diammonium phosphate 12-15 kilograms, urea 5 kilograms, potassium sulfate 5-6 kilograms, deep into the soil , pressure protection.
Second, the appropriate sowing
When the 5 cm ground temperature is stable at 12 °C, it is the best sowing time. Generally, in the late April to early May, the plastic film cultivation can be advanced about 5 days. With a 60 cm line spacing, the sowing rate of 667 m2 is about 1.5 kg and the seeding depth is 3-4 cm. With fertilizer under the seed, seed fertilizer 667 m 2 with diammonium phosphate 2-3 kg, potassium sulfate 3-4 kg.
Third, field management
1. Seedlings, Dingmiao, and Tossing
2-3 leaves time seedlings, 4-6 leaves when the Dingmiao, spacing 14 cm, to avoid seedling crowding, reduce soil consumption, in order to facilitate the cultivation of strong seedlings. As the sweet sorghum plants are tall and luxuriant in stems and leaves, they should be closely planted. Generally, 667 m2 should be planted with 6000-8000 strains (14 cm spacing and 60 cm spacing). Ding combined with Dingmiao should be used to early tiller to promote strong single plants.
2, cultivator, earth
Seedlings in the 2-3 leaf stage, the first cultivator, can play a role in raising the temperature, eliminating weeds, and protecting the drought. In the 4-6 leaves, the second cultivator is combined with the seedlings, and the depth is about 10 cm. The secondary cultivator is carried out 10-15 days after the second cultivator. When the plant grows to about 70 cm, the soil will be cultivated when the seal is about to be applied, the soil between the rows will be planted on the root of the sweet sorghum, and a ditch will be formed between the rows to promote the support. Root growth.
3. Smart water and fertilizer
It is required to apply basal fertilizer and increase phosphate fertilizer to facilitate the accumulation of sugar. Sweet sorghum should not be excessively applied with nitrogen fertilizer in the middle and later stages to avoid greediness, affecting the accumulation of sugar in the stem and normal maturation of the grain. Top dressing can be carried out at the beginning of jointing, combined with the third cultivator, 667 m 2 topdressing 15-20 kg urea and 2-3 kg diammonium phosphate.
The total water requirement of sweet sorghum for the first time is “two less and more in the middleâ€. It is 4-5 times of watering in the whole growth period, and the total amount of irrigation water is 350-400 m3. The head water is sowed about 60 days after sowing. At the jointing stage, heading stage, anthesis stage, and grain filling stage.
4. Pest control
Sweet sorghum has strong disease resistance but poor insect resistance. Because of the high sugar content in stems and leaves, it is vulnerable to borers and aphids and should be prevented and treated as soon as possible. 1 Chrysanthemum pesticides are sprayed to control aphids in proportion. 2 When the borers damage, they can withdraw the control of furanide at the heart.
5. Post-field management
Sweet sorghum flowering to maturity, the fertility center transferred to the process of grain maturation and sweet stalks stalk sugar accumulation process, grain yield and stalk yield accumulation are basically synchronized, to raise roots and protect leaves to prevent premature aging. If the plant has defertilizer after heading, it can be sprayed with foliar solution such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to promote ripening and sugar accumulation. If smut is found in the field, remove the diseased plant in time and bury it.
Fourth, timely harvest
The highest sugar content in sweet sorghum stalks coincided with grain maturation. At the late waxing stage, the dry matter accumulation of grain reached the maximum, the grain moisture content was about 20%, the highest sugar content of stems and the highest juice yield were the best harvests. period.
Sweet sorghum cultivation points
First, the fine site preparation