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Check the surface
The smoke agent uses the smoke as the carrier to achieve the purpose of spraying. Therefore, before the application of the smoke agent in the facility, it is necessary to check the surface of the shed, make up the loopholes, and make the shed face closed tightly. The more effective the strict prevention and control effect is.
Select suitable dosage form
There are many types of smoke agents on the market, including tablets, dusts, granules, etc., which are selected according to the characteristics of the facilities. Tablets are most suitable for large, narrow and long sheds where powders and granules are suitable for wider greenhouses such as tomatoes and cucumbers and fruit sheds.
Symptomatic application
Before the application of pesticides, it is necessary to identify the occurrence of pests and diseases and apply medications to the patients. For the prevention of downy mildew, blight, and gray mold, 10% chlorothalonil smoke or 15% carbendazim (a combination of quick-acting and chlorothalonil) smoke agents can be used, 200 to 250 grams per mu; Controlling powdery mildew can be selected 15% Ke Yanling smoke agent, 250 to 300 grams per acre medication; control aphids can use 22% dichlorvos smoke agent or extermination smoke agent, 300 to 350 grams per acre medication.
Early medication
During the growth of vegetables, it is necessary to strengthen the investigation of the occurrence of pests and diseases and prevent and control them in due course. General prevention and treatment of disease should be used before the onset or early onset of the disease, at intervals of 7 to 10 days, once every 3 to 4 times; the control of pests should be used at the initial stage of treatment, so that the “extinction is small, extinct early†to receive the best The control effect.
Proper dose
Aerosols should be used in the facility. The dosage should not be too high or too low. Dosage is too high and waste of chemicals, aggravate pollution; usage is too low to achieve ideal control effect. It should be based on the size of the facility, the degree of occurrence of pests and diseases, and the effective content of the smoke agent. Such as the control of cucumber downy mildew, gray mold, optional 45% chlorothalonil aerosol, with 200 to 250 grams per acre, every 7 to 10 days smoked once, once every 3 to 4 times. The greenhouses with serious diseases or those with poor sealability can increase the dosage appropriately.
Method suitable
The determination of the discharge point, such as the large space in the shed, can be applied to all kinds of smoke agents with the content of active ingredients. The effective content of the smoke agent is generally 10% to 50%, the firing point can be more, 6 to 10 points per acre can be set. To prevent phytotoxicity caused by long-term high-level smoke fumigation in the vicinity of the burning point, the burning point should be slightly away from the crops; in the shorter sheds, smokers with a low content of active ingredients (10%, 15%) should be used. Appropriate increase; For sheds less than 1.2 meters in height, it is not suitable to apply smoke agent, otherwise it will cause phytotoxicity.
The firing method has the property of avoiding heat due to the deposition of smoke. Therefore, the application effect under the irradiation of sunlight is not good, and it is best to apply it when the sun sets in the evening. When firing, they should be ignited in order from the inside to the inside of the shed. Finally, the smoke from the shed should be ignited. Note that if there is a fire, it must be blown out to make it emit smoke normally. Afterwards, the shed is quickly sealed. The next morning must be ventilated before agricultural operations, in order to avoid safety accidents.
Rotation medication
When pests and diseases are to be controlled, two or three kinds of smoke agents should be selected alternately and alternately for the object of prevention and control, so as to avoid repeated administration of a single drug species and to produce resistance to pests and diseases.
Use of aerosols to prevent disease and insects
In winter and early spring, due to the low temperature and high humidity in the facility, it is easy to induce various pests and diseases of vegetables. The use of aerosols to prevent and control vegetable pests and diseases in facilities has the characteristics of simple and labor-saving, good drug efficacy, avoiding increase in humidity in the greenhouse, lower medication costs, and less pesticide residues. The control effect is significantly better than spraying, dusting and other spraying methods, especially Rainy days or disease epidemics, the control effect is more obvious. However, if it is not properly applied, it will not receive the desired effect. In order to improve the quality of prevention and control, the following points must be noted during the application process: