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To understand the current status and influencing factors of children's dietary behaviors in China, identify existing problems and formulate corresponding strategies for health education. Ma Guansheng, associate researcher at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, and colleagues, and dietary nutrition research and education at Danone Nutrition Center Under the fund's funding, not long ago, in 4 cities in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Jinan, and Harbin, 9976 children and parents were used as targets. Zheng asked to obtain a large amount of real and reliable data. After statistical analysis, it was found that A higher proportion of children have bad eating habits.
One, about breakfast. According to statistics, more than 90% of children eat breakfast every day or often. The smaller the age, the higher the proportion of boys. The boys are higher than girls, and the urban areas are higher than the suburbs. However, 52%-56% of the children had poor breakfast quality. Only 34% of parents considered nutrition when preparing breakfast. In this regard, Ma Guansheng analyzed that the lack of breakfast energy and nutritional intake is an important reason. The quality of breakfast should not be overlooked. A good quality breakfast must include 4 parts; cereals, animal foods, milk, vegetables and fruits. The quality of the breakfast included in three parts was ordinary and only included one or two parts of the poor quality breakfast.
The quality of breakfast is not only related to the child's growth and health, but also has a significant impact on students' learning behavior. The Department of Medical Nutrition of the School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University of Medicine used 159 first grade primary school pupils from two primary schools in Guangzhou as the research object. They were randomly divided into two groups. They were given two different quality breakfasts in alternation, and they performed the learning activities in the morning. And endurance tests. The results showed that students with adequate energy intake and a balanced breakfast ratio performed better than students with inadequate energy and unreasonable breakfast in digital use, imagination creation, and physical endurance.
Second, about snacks. Snacks are common among children, and fruits, biscuits, candies, desserts, and puffed foods are retail outlets they often eat. Most children choose snacks generally based on taste, color, packaging, advertising. Ma Guansheng believes that snacks are complementary to children's energy, nutrients, according to statistics, children's daily energy needs of 20-30%, 14% -27% of nutrients provided by the snack. Therefore, snacks can not be eaten, but grasp the degree of good; First, the number should not be too large, otherwise affect the appetite of dinner. The second is to pay attention to the variety of choice, it is best to high nutrition, low candy foods. Third, the time should be appropriate. Snacks should be arranged between meals. Don't eat snacks before going to bed or watching TV.
Third, on beverages China's consumption of various beverages increased year by year. Carbonic acid, fruit juices, milk, and yoghurt are becoming the mainstream of urban children's beverage consumption, and taste is the main factor in children's choice of beverages. According to statistics, excessive intake of juices and other beverages can affect children's growth and development. The regular development level of children who often drink beverages is often lower than normal. Other data indicate that uncontrolled consumption of beverages is associated with childhood obesity. According to the lifting, the consumption of milk with very high nutritional value in the city of Zhangzhou in China is only 20% and 2%, respectively. The impact of a large number of flexible packaging beverages on the market has affected the consumption of milk and is worth noting.
Fourth, about fast food. According to statistics, 91% of the children surveyed had eaten fast food, and Deji and McDonald's were the children's preferred fast food. These fast foods are characterized by high energy and high fat, and they can provide about 4900-7500 kilojoules of energy for an ocean snack, which is equivalent to 42.5%-112.5% ​​of the daily supply standard. Therefore, it is best for children not to eat fast food.
Ma Guansheng pointed out that the survey found that 70% of children have special preference for food, and 65% of children have food that they do not like to eat. This partial eclipse, picky eating habits are closely related to the behavior of parents. Ordinary snacks often eaten by children are often consistent with standing equipment in the home. For those foods that they do not like to eat, the rejection rates for preschool children, primary school students, and middle school students are 62.9%, 31.8%, and 30%, respectively, but they are reminded and convinced by parents. Among them, 41% of children will accept foods that they do not like to eat. Some parents will give children the opportunity to eat certain foods as a reward, comfort or punishment, but also affect the children's likes and dislikes of these foods. Particularly worth mentioning is that many children's choice of food stores is greatly affected by TV advertising. However, from the perspective of nutritionists, the nutritional value of some TV advertisements is very low and misleading.
Experts suggest that for the problems existing in the eating behavior of urban children in China, health education strategies for parents and children must be formulated as early as possible to cultivate children's good eating behavior.
Source: Health Network
How to eat breakfast snacks and snacks
From the Investigation of the Dietary Behavior of Nearly 10,000 Urban Children