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Strawberry Small Shed Cultivation Technique
Strawberry is a perennial plant of the genus Rosaceae. The vulnerability of strawberries in open field cultivation is not only unfavorable for pollution-free production, but also has a great impact on yield and quality. In order to improve the yield and quality, Longxi City Xinluo District Xiqiao Town Agricultural Technology Station for many years under small plastic film mulching cultivation test, the output per 667m2 up to 2600kg, increased by 22-28% than ordinary cultivation. The following is a brief introduction to the cultivation of strawberries in small sheds. 1. Variety selection The varieties with high yield, disease resistance, high quality, and suitable for cultivation in this region include: Fengxiang, Gu Nu Gan, Chun Xiang and female peaks. 2. Establishment and management of breeding gardens use stolons to breed. Pure, vigorously growing, disease-free plants were selected as mother plants. The old leaves, diseased leaves, and flowering stems of the mother plant were removed in mid- and late April, and soil was transplanted to the ground where the soil was fertile and the Rosaceae crop was not grown. The spacing was 80,100 cm, and about 1,000 plants were planted per 667 m2. 3. Whole cropping fertilization and timely transplanting Choose the loam or sandy loam soil that is convenient for drainage and irrigation. Apply 5000 kg of manure per 667 m2 or 2000 kg of chicken manure, 100 mg of superphosphate, and 100 kg of lime as base fertilizer. The width is 0.5-0.6m, the height is 15-20cm, and the width is 20cm. Before transplanting, the strawberry was sprayed once with 70% thiophanate 1000 times and transplanted with the drug. After regrowth, the planting hole and surrounding soil were spray-disinfected with 70% thiophanate 1000 times. The plants are planted closely, with a spacing of 25 cm and a row spacing of 25 cm, and 4500-5000 plants per 667 m2. Plantlets with 4–6 leaves per plant were transplanted as soon as possible on the basis of flower bud differentiation, and colonization time was generally from mid-October to mid-November. 4. Field management (1) Timely film-covered insulation 15 days after planting, covered with a black plastic film with a width of 1.2m; when it is first fruited (after about 30 days of planting), it is covered with film and covered with insulation. In winter, it can be opened by opening two plastics. The film controls the temperature inside the booth. (2) Fertilizer and Water Management During the entire growth process, 4 top dressings are required to ensure that the fruit is harvested in four stages. For the first time, it is called phytochemical fertilizer. Planted 2-3 days after planting, mainly nitrogen fertilizer; the second time to promote fruit fertilizer. 10–12 kg of sulfur-containing ternary compound fertilizer is applied every 667 m2 before flowering; the third time after the harvest of the first and second crops, 10–12 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per 667 m2; the fourth time in the third stage After harvesting, apply 8-10kg of compound fertilizer per 667m2. After strawberry is planted, until it emerges, it can be flooded with water, and the membrane can be ventilated afterwards. Before budding to flowering, it is generally not necessary to water; after flowering stage, soil water content can not be lower than 70% of the maximum soil water holding capacity; The water content in the soil is not less than 60% of the maximum water holding capacity. Rainy springs should pay attention to drainage. (3) Plants should keep 2-3 squid per plant and retain 12-15 pieces of robust leaves. The old leaves and diseased leaves should be removed in time, and 9-13 flowers are kept in each file. The inflorescence of each file should be removed in time for fruit harvesting to stimulate new inflorescences. 5. Prevention and control of diseases, pests and rats (1) Neat and tidy gardens timely removal of diseased leaves, diseased fruits and dead old leaves, removal of diseased plants, centralized burning, cleanliness and pastoral hygiene, and maintenance of clean ventilation in small arch sheds. (2) The scientific drug Botrytis cinerea is treated with 50% Suo Ke Ling WP 2000 times solution or 50% Propionin 2000 times solution; Powdery Mildew is treated with 10% Shigao Water-Soluble Granules 1500-2000 times spray solution. ; Aphids and ground tigers are irrigated with 90% trichlorfon 30g to 550kg per 667m2; aphids are sprayed with 10% imidacloprid 1500 times spray. (3) The pastoral rodent was formulated with 7.5% rodent mystery rat poison. 6. Timely harvesting is usually harvested after about 30 days. For the purpose of harvesting fresh fruit, the soft texture variety is harvested when the fruit surface is 80% colored, that is, when it is ripe. When the meat is fine, it can be harvested when it is fully cooked. When picking the fruit, remove it together with the stalk.