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Wheat seed classification management
After wheat emerges, due to natural conditions and cultivation measures, various types of weak seedlings are often formed. In order to facilitate the management of seedlings and symptomatology, they are introduced as follows: The weak seedlings caused by soil drought occur in wheat fields with insufficient soil moisture at the end of the season and are characterized by: the birth is slow, the leaves are dark green, the leaves are short, and the growth is slow. Or stagnation (the masses call it "mind-mindling"), the middle and lower leaves turn yellow and dry, and the roots are small and thin. Management points: In combination with watering, topdressing 15 kg of ammonium per acre. The weak seedlings caused by the lack of nitrogen in the soil are erect and thin, and the tillers are reduced, and the leaves are narrow and short. The lower leaves start from the tips of the leaves, gradually turn yellow and dry, and develop towards the upper leaves. Management points: Use 7 to 8 kg of urea or 20 to 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre. The weak seedlings caused by the lack of phosphorus in the soil showed poor root development. The secondary roots were weak and weak. The leaf color was dull green, the tip and leaf sheath were purple, the plants were thin and the tillers were reduced. Management points: In combination with watering and scooping, use superphosphate 20 to 30 kg per acre. Ditching and chasing between rows will provide better results as soon as possible. Weak seedlings caused by wet soil or saline-alkali damage usually show poor root development and weak absorption capacity of the young seedlings. The birth of the young seedlings is slow and often accompanied by deferring fertilizer. The heavy-alkali-damaging plots often appear as patches of purple. In the "old young seedlings", 1 or 2 leaves of the seedlings were yellow and dry, and when they were severe, the seedlings were dead. Management points: Combine deep-middling cultivating, applying nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer to open ditch, heavily saline-alkali-damaged land, apply salt pressure after top-dressing, and timely remove the loose soil to remove the compaction. The weak seedlings caused by the soil plate hard due to the lack of soil moisture, root extension difficulties, resulting in short yellow wheat leaves, can not appear on time delivery. Management points: Watering in time, then deep cultivating tillage to remove the rigid layer. Weak seedlings caused by soil wetting usually show pale purple leaves, and births are slow, and when they are severe, their tips turn white and dry. Management points: The first timely and deep cultivating ventilation, followed by a small amount of quick-acting fertilizer to promote early-onset seedlings. The performance of weak seedlings caused by excessive sowing is: seedlings are overcrowded and plants are thin and slender. Management points: First, pay attention to sparse seedlings, especially the “headings†in the fields, fields, and fields, and early sparse, sparsely drowning, combined with watering, topdressing with a small amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fast-acting fertilizers to make up for the excessive consumption of soil nutrients. , to promote wheat seedlings from weak to strong. The performance of the weak seedlings caused by sowing too deep is: the emergence is slow, the leaf sheaths are slender, and the seedlings are not long afterwards. Management points: First clear the earth with trees, and then topdress fertilizer (15 kg per mu for ammonium bicarbonate) to promote root and seedling development. The weak seedlings caused by sowing are too close to the surface due to the tiller node, and the water nutrient conditions are poor, so that the growth of the root system and the development of the axillary buds are inhibited. Therefore, the roots and tendons are generally reduced, and the plants are weak in yellow and are easily dies of freezing. Management points: In conjunction with scratching, earthworms are encircled; when the above-ground parts of the plants basically stop growing, the earth is broken. Covering the soil thickness to make the tiller section about 3 cm below the surface is appropriate. If the soil is covered with soil, it is covered with clay and covered with clay. It can also improve the soil. The weak seedlings caused by planting too late were due to the short growing period before winter, and the accumulated temperature was insufficient, which resulted in the growth of wheat seedlings being thin and weak and having fewer tillers. Management points: Mainly use paddling and replenishing fertilizer, and apply 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate in the three-leaf stage; Poor soil with poor soil moisture and fast water seepage. After the three-leaf stage, the water is drowning in time (but the moisture content is appropriate or the soil is heavy and water seepage Poor land should not be watered before the winter), and the last time it is ploughed before freezing, it is necessary to pay attention to the soil and to protect the seedlings safely.