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Occurrence and Countermeasures of Abnormal Tender Shoots of Asparagus
1. Loose head scales loose 1.1 causes 1.1.1 differences between varieties. For example, UC800 is more prone to fluffy head scales loose. 1.1.2 high temperature drying. 1.1.3 Weak supply of nutrients for storage of nutrients in late autumn or late harvest. 1.2 Countermeasures 1.2.1. As far as possible, products with high head tightness are selected for production. Such as UC500W, UC157, Lu Asparagus 1, No. 1 asparagus and so on. 1.2.2 When the temperature is high, it must be cut in time to increase the number of daily picks, and timely irrigation to ensure the water supply. 1.2.3 During the production, reasonable cluster cultivation, scientific fertilizer management, and nutrient supply should be carried out according to different periods. The harvest period should not be too long. 2. Tender head bending 2.1 Cause 2.1.1 A variety of injuries such as pest damage, frost damage, fertilizer damage and harmful gas damage. 2.1.2 soil acidity and partial alkali or salt content is too high. 2.2 countermeasures 2.2.1 should be timely prevention and treatment of pests and diseases in production; to take effective measures to prevent freezing damage; topdressing organic fertilizer to fully decay, fertilizer dosage and usage should be reasonable. 2.2.2 To promote soil testing and formulating fertilization, soil pH 5.8 ~ 6.7 is appropriate; fertilizer application should be dominated by organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers. 3. The tender stems are weak 3.1 Causes 3.1.1 Scale buds have low quality or insufficient supply of storage nutrients. 3.1.2 The temperature is too high. 3.2 countermeasures 3.2.1 seedling cultivation should have sufficient seedling age, shoots should not be too early; each year after the end of cutting and cutting the last few years, should strengthen the fertilizer and water supply, and appropriately shorten the cutting period. 3.2.2 The production should be reasonable and sparse; appropriate increase in the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer; foliage season sprayed with 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.2% borax solution in the hot season, the tender stem is quite strong and full of effect. 4. Tender flat or big belly 4.1 causes 4.1.1 soil is not loose or loose soil tightness. 4.1.2 partial nitrogen fertilizer. 4.2 Countermeasures 4.2.1 cultivation site should choose loose soil, deep sandy loam soil; site preparation should be detailed and uniform to prevent tightness. 4.2.2 According to the soil fertility conditions, fertilizer types and plant growth, scientific formula fertilization, especially the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium more coordinated, and avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer. 5. Reasons for the emergence of stems and hollow stems 5.1.1. Partial application of nitrogenous fertilizers Partial application of nitrogenous fertilizers results in growth of tender stems and excessive expansion of cells, and the supply of stored nutrients is not supplied, resulting in the occurrence of hollows. 5.1.2 Freezing damage In winter cold season, the scale buds with high development degree are susceptible to freezing damage, and the tender stems that grow from frozen scale buds do not normally expand due to the lower part, resulting in poor nutrient and water running in the later period. At the same time, the rapid temperature rise in spring, the surface soil temperature is also high, and the lower soil temperature is low, is not conducive to the absorption of water and the transformation of storage nutrients, so that the rapid growth of stems due to insufficient supply of water and nutrients and hollow. 5.2 Countermeasures 5.2.1 Scientific formula fertilization, avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer. 5.2.2 Do a good job of freezing soil before freezing; cover film in early spring, increase soil temperature, promote the transformation and operation of nutrients stored in roots, and enhance the absorption capacity of the root system. 6. Cracking of stems 6.1 Causes The water supply is uneven. 6.2 countermeasures Note that the production of water should be uniform, to prevent the soil from drying out and dampness, flooding irrigation after long drought most likely to cause the tender stem cracking.