Guangxi is an important sugar cane production area in China. Jiangzhou District in Chongzuo City is one of the 33 cane sugar predominant regions in Guangxi supported by the national plan. The average annual sugar cane planting area is over 1.05 million mu and the average annual cane yield is 500. Million tons, in the 2015/2016 crop season, the average sugar production rate was 12.43%, and the output value was 4.52 billion yuan. The modes are mainly in the following forms: First, the “specialized planting company†model of “government + planting company + farmer + technologyâ€. This model introduced powerful professional planting companies to transfer land management, combined with the advantages of professional planting companies in capital and planting technology to develop "double high" bases. The second is small and large "peasant self-built" model. This model takes farmer cooperatives as the main body to carry out land rectification and water conservancy construction, realizing small pieces of land and large blocks, and sub-dividing the land for farmers to operate independently after completion of renovation and construction. The third is the "Party Group + Cooperative + Party Branch + Farmer" "Party Group Industry Alliance" model. The model was led by the person in charge of the grass-roots organization to guide the party members and the masses to jointly participate in the construction of a “double-high†base and to help the villagers start their own businesses to become rich through “passing, helping, helping, and takingâ€. The fourth is the "modern farm" model in which land shares, unified operations, benefit sharing, and risk sharing. High-yield and high-sugar new sugarcane production technology Deep plowing deep, fine soil preparation. General plowing depth of 30 to 35 cm, deep plowing, loose, broken, flat. Planting sugar cane ditch According to row spacing of 90 to 110 centimeters or width and width of 12050 centimeters, planting canal trenches require 20 to 30 centimeters in depth, and 20 to 25 centimeters in width at the bottom of the trench. The bottom of the trench should be flat and crushed. Choose a good seed The improved varieties must have high yield, high sugar, stress resistance, and strong perennial properties, and be adapted to the local environmental conditions for cultivation and sugar production process requirements. sowing The sowing period of winter planting sugarcane is suitable from November of that year to January of the following year (ie, from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring), and the spring planting of sugarcane is from the beginning of February to March (ie, from the spring to the vernal equinox). Planting stems to select winter and spring planting cane should be selected from the tip of the sugarcane plant, or about half of the cane stem. Stems require fresh, full and robust sugar cane, no pests and diseases. Seed stem treatment stems to be stripped leaf sheath, use a knife to split into two buds or three buds section, the incision should be flat to reduce the crack. After soaking in sugarcane seedlings, they can be soaked with fresh water or 2% lime for 24 hours. Disinfection is generally done with 50% wettable carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl or phenylenediamine 125-160 grams plus 100 kg of water, soaking and disinfecting for 5 minutes. The next kind of reasonable dense planting requires the number of basic seedlings per acre to be 5,000 to 6,000 seedlings, the number of seedlings per acre under spring planting of 4,000 to 4,500 double buds, and the amount of winter planting sugarcane to be increased by 15% to 20%. 15 buds. The stems are discharged in a narrow line with product type or rail type double lines. The distance between the two rows of stems is about 8 to 10 cm, and it is tightly attached to the soil and the buds are on both sides. Shizuji Fei The quantity required to apply fertilizer per acre fertilizer or soil miscellaneous fertilizer 500 to 1000 kg, calcium magnesium phosphate 75 to 100 kg, 5 kg of urea, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate 25 to 35 kg. Organic fertilizers should be mixed with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and then used as base fertilizers. Application method When the weather is dry, the soil moisture is low, it should be fertilized after seeding. When the soil moisture is high, fertilizer can be applied first. Fertilizer should be blended with the soil and then seeded. After the next seedling, 4 to 5 kilograms of carbazole or methyl isophosphate will be used to control the underground pests per acre, and then cover the earth into a turtle shape of 3 to 4 cm. Field management In the early stage (after the sugarcane is planted till the end of the tillering stage), check the seedlings to make up the seedlings, prevent drought and water, and remove the stagnant water; make up the seedlings. In most seedlings, there are 2 to 3 leaves. Supplementary sparse. Miao Miao should be planted after the rain or when the soil is wet with strong seedlings, and cut 2/3 of the leaves. Cultivate soil, attack seedling fertilizer in the 4 to 6 leaves Shi Shi, urea 8 to 10 kg per acre, and then cover the soil 5 to 7 cm. If the basal fertilizer is adequately applied and the cane seedling grows vigorously, it may not be top-dressing. Mid-term (from the end of till the end of elongation), weeding, weeding, heavy fertilizer, and large soil. The request is completed before mid-May to the end of June. Each mus of urea 20 to 30 kilograms, or ammonium bicarbonate 80 to 100 kilograms or compound fertilizer 80 to 100 kilograms, if there are intercropping crops, it is timely harvest or pressing green, and then large earth, the soil height of 20 cm or more. Fertilizers for the whole growing period of sugarcane must be applied during this period. During drought protection and water conservation period, we must also pay attention to drought protection and water conservation in the field. We can use methods such as sealing water storage and covering sugarcane plants with dry sugar cane to prevent drought. In the conditional sugarcane area, sprinkler irrigation measures can be taken. Pest and weed control Cotton Elimination of Insect Sources Sugarcane M. mori is multiply from generation to generation, and its propagation is rapid. Its spread is mainly caused by the migration and spread of winged beaks. From March to March, the autumn and winter bamboo shoots of autumn sugarcane and ratoon cane are inspected and found to disappear in time. From June to July, after the migration of winged plovers was completed, various types of sugarcane fields were inspected in time, and the cotton worms were controlled before major damage occurred. The protection and use of natural enemies big shoulder ladybugs and double-banded ladybirds are natural enemies of cotton cane, and should be protected and utilized. Chemical prevention and treatment of cotton cane louse occurs severely with 20% imidacloprid 2500 times per mu or 50% Pipa fog 2000 times or 40% dimethoate 1000 times spray, can effectively control the damage of sugarcane louse. Chafer There are many kinds of beetles that cause damage to sugar cane. Generally, adults damage the cane leaves, and larvae damage the cane roots and underground stems. Comprehensive prevention and control methods should be adopted for sugarcane beetle: paddy crop rotation, light trapping and chemical control. The root zone application can prevent and cure sugarcane aphids when treating both. When sugarcane is planted or after the ratoon cane is hacked and loose, and sugar cane is used for soil cultivation, mix 3% miura or 2% Yishubao granules 4kg per mu into the ditch or root zone, and then cover the soil. Spraying with 800-fold of 70% phoxim, 1000-fold of dimethoate, or 1000-fold of 90% trichlorfon can control adult beetle feeding. Hummer Applying basal fertilizer to strengthen field management, promote early growth of sugarcane, and develop leaves quickly, can reduce the risk of Hummer. Select the relatively fast-growing and more drought resistant sugarcane varieties. Chemical control When the soil is moist, mix 4 kg of 3% Milur granules per acre with the fertilizer and apply it to the ditch or root zone and cover the soil. The control effect is good. In the beginning of the thrips, a 20% imidacloprid 2500 times or 40% dimethoate 1000 times or 25% fluocazate WP 20 to 30 gram sprays of 50 kg of water per acre occurs, spraying in the morning or evening when the cane leaf expands. The effect is good. Pineapple disease The disease-free, robust, shoot-headed seedlings were selected. Winter planting and early spring planting cane are covered with mulching film, which promotes early germination of sugarcane and reduces germ infestation. Disinfection soaking treatment: Use 2% to 3% lime water soaking for 12 to 24 hours or 50% carbendazim, 40% cane stalk and other wettable powder 800 ~ 1000 times soaking for 5 minutes. After harvesting in autumn and harvesting in early spring, they stayed in the root field block and used 50% carbendazim, 40% cane stalk and other wettable powders 600 to 800 times evenly sprayed cane mash to disinfect. Head smut selection resistant varieties. Seedlings treated with 2% to 3% lime water soaking for 24 hours; 40% seed dressing double or 40% seed soaking WP 500 times soaking for 10 minutes, selecting disease-free or less diseased fields for seed retention. Strengthen field management, timely fertilize soil, promote robust growth of cane seedlings, and enhance resistance to disease. Before removing the black ear, or removing the white film from the whip without breaking, remove the diseased plant and burn it in a concentrated manner. Ratoon dwarfism Planting healthy seedlings Sugar cane ratooning dwarfism is mainly spread through diseased cane varieties and tools, so planting healthy seedlings and paying attention to tool disinfection can effectively prevent sugarcane ratoon dwarfism, and can use 50°C hot water to treat sugarcane species for 2 hours or in groups. Healthy seedlings can be obtained by detoxifying the shoot tips. To establish a disease-free nursery to obtain healthy seedlings through hot water treatment of sugarcane seedlings or detoxification of tissue culture stem tips to establish a disease-free nursery for use in production, which can effectively prevent sugarcane ratoon dwarfing disease. Strengthen field management, apply sufficient basal fertilizer, and reasonably irrigate them so that sugarcane grows quickly and grows robustly, which can reduce the occurrence and damage of sugarcane ratoon dwarfing disease. Control the damage of field rodents and reduce the spread of diseases. Shoot rot disease resistant varieties. Strengthen field water and fertilizer management, rational fertilization, to avoid re-application of nitrogen fertilizer; timely rule out the water in sugar cane fields, so that normal growth of sugar cane, enhance disease resistance; timely removal of diseased plants in the sugarcane field, reduce the source of repeated infection; sugarcane after the sugarcane plantation clean, Reduce the source of infection. At the beginning of the disease, 50% carbendazim or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder spray was used. Spray 7 times a day for 7 days and spray 2 or 3 times. Brown strip disease Select disease resistant varieties, a reasonable rotation. Fertilize the soil, increase organic fertilizer, apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Timely removal of diseased leaves, reduce field bacteria. Stripped old feet and leaves, ineffective, sick and weak, so that the cane field ventilation, reduce the humidity of the sugarcane field. Sugar cane cleans the sugarcane garden after harvest to reduce the bacteria source. 50% carbendazim or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder spray was applied to the center of the disease, sprayed once every 7 days, and sprayed 2 to 3 times. Rust disease resistant varieties. Strengthen water and fertilizer management to prevent accumulation of water and reduce the humidity in the field. Appropriate fertilization, increase organic fertilizer, apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and enhance the disease resistance of sugarcane plants. Strip the old leaves, go to invalid sick plants, make the sugarcane field breathable and reduce the humidity of the sugarcane field. Severe diseased leaves are cut off in time to reduce transmission. Sugar cane cleans the sugarcane garden after harvest, reducing the field bacteria source. At the beginning of onset, 65% of WP or 75% chlorothalonil and other WPs were sprayed with 500 to 600 times for 7 to 10 days and sprayed for 2 to 3 times. Grass damage Newly planted sugarcane fields. After the sugarcane is sown and covered with soil, the herbicide used for soil closure shall be sprayed on the surface in one week to prevent the growth of annual weeds. Generally, 40% atrazine is used per acre for 150-200 g; or 50% acetochlor is 100 ml; or 20% diuron is 200 g for 40-50 kg water. If the two drugs are mixed in half, the effect is better. Before the weeds are unearthed, they should be sprayed with herbicides with foliar treatment efficacy. In general, 80% of azadirachtin is used for 200 g per mu; 500 g of cane herbicide is applied to 20% of cane, and 40 to 50 kg of water is sprayed. Some species will suffer from phytotoxicity. Ratoon cane field. Should be sprayed after the ridges have been fertilized and soil remediation, timely spraying herbicides for soil closure, if there are weeds in the cane trenches, should be used aneturic or cane field herbicide spraying. After the weeds reach the third instar, when the above-mentioned agents cannot be controlled, 20% grams per acre can be used without traces of 100 to 150 grams to spray the weeds. When there are more vicious weeds in the sugarcane field, such as weed grass, thatch, and aconite, etc., we should consider applying 10% glyphosate 1000g or 41% farmer 200g spray per acre after sugarcane jointing or during the leisure period of sugarcane land. . Ratoon cane cultivation techniques Choose a strong perennial variety and plant good sugar cane for the previous season. Choose to stay in sugar cane land, reasonable arrangements for harvesting. The root cane should be chopped down from February to March. The sugarcane leaves return to the field and the ridges and pines are broken at the right time to promote the development of the plant. It is required that the harvested sugarcane leaves be returned to the field, covered with interlacing, fertility and fertility, and the autumn and winter cane shoots should be removed when the ridge is loosened. Early check seedlings fill seedlings to ensure seedlings strong seedlings. The first time the supplementary seedlings were planted in the pine grass, when the sugarcane row was 60 cm long, there was no sugarcane sprouts or rot was necessary to make up the seedlings; the second time after the emergence of the sugarcane shoots was basically completed, the seedlings were grown and supplemented according to the growth and distribution of the sugarcane seedlings. Must be supplemented with ratoon cane. Timely burial, early fertilization, early management. When the weather is dry and the soil moisture is insufficient, the dew exposure time should be short. It should be buried within 10-15 days, whereas the burial time can be appropriately postponed. When burying ridges, apply 500-1000 kg of farmyard fertilizer per acre, 20 kg of urea, 50-80 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 20 kg of potassium fertilizer, 5 kg of 3% phoxim granules, and then 4 to 5 cm of earth and spray Pre-emergence herbicides. Since then, the field management technology of ratoon cane has been referenced to new sugar cane, but the growth period of ratoon cane is usually 15 to 20 days earlier than that of spring cane. Early winter harvesting of sugarcane land requiring roots should be promoted by mulching. Need to cover the placenta of the rattan root cane, break loose ridges and pines sooner or later, and take away the exposed cane head sugarcane shoots, generally 10-15 days after the harvest treatment cane land, and cover film is completed. Cover film, should be used 55 ~ 60 cm wide, 0.005 mm thick film, will cover all the cane head, both sides of the film from the base of the cane head about 10 cm, around the seal with fine soil compaction, pay attention not to break the mulch . After most of the sugarcane seedlings are out of the membrane, when the temperature is stable above 20°C, the film should be removed immediately. After the film is uncovered, the fertilizer should be promptly cultivated to promote sugarcane growth. In addition to time, the field management should be advanced, and other new plantings. Cane same. Supporting technical measures Mechanized deep plowing technology Large horsepower tractors carry out mechanical operations, deep plowing depth of 30 to 40 centimeters, depth of 30 to 50 centimeters deep, increase production, increase the effect of sugar. Change narrow row planting to wide row planting To promote wide-ranging planting of 1.2 to 1.3 meters, it can not only make full use of land and light, but also ensure that the sugar cane grows normally, and there are many effective stems per unit area, and the stems are long, thick, and heavy, so as to obtain the highest yield. New interplanting technology Reasonable interplanting of watermelons, peppers, tomatoes, peanuts, corn and other crops in sugarcane land can achieve better yield increase and income increase. Plastic film cover cultivation technology Winter planting sugarcane and early spring planting cane are covered with mulching film, which can guarantee seedlings and seedlings and increase yield. Choose colorless and transparent, thickness 0.005 ~ 0.01 mm, width 40 ~ 50 cm of the film, in the next kind of cover soil, cover the sugarcane ditch with a mulch, the edge of compaction with fine soil, plastic film exposed part of the light is not less than 20 cm. After most of the sugarcane seedlings have already penetrated the membrane, when the temperature is stable above 20°C, the membrane can be uncovered, and the cultivator can take care of the cultivator. The waste film can be recovered and removed from the field to prevent “white pollutionâ€. Water-saving irrigation technology The main forms of water-saving irrigation promoted in sugarcane production include sprinkler irrigation, micro-spray irrigation, drip irrigation, and low-pressure pipe water conveyance irrigation and channel seepage control. Drip irrigation is the use of water pipes to send water through the dripper on the capillary (drip tape) to the soil near the root of the crop to be irrigated. It is currently one of the most effective water-saving irrigation methods, and its water utilization rate can reach 95%. Compared with sprinkler irrigation, it has higher water-saving effect, and can be combined with fertilization to increase fertilizer efficiency by more than double. Sprinkler irrigation is an advanced mechanized irrigation method that can adapt to irrigation of different terrains, different soils and various crops and has been widely used in the world. The commonly used sprinkler irrigation includes fixed sprinkler irrigation, semi-fixed sprinkler irrigation, large-scale sprinkler irrigation, and small-scale mobile unit sprinkler irrigation. In the sugarcane area, light and small units are commonly used for sprinkler irrigation, and hand-pushable or hand-pushing diesel irrigation units are used. The pipelines are fire-fighting belts or thin-walled aluminum alloy pipes. 40m Laser Distance Meter is a functional and advanced measuring tools, no need climbing up and down, which is the engineers' best friends. No matter you have your own brand or not, JRT can help you to start with laser range finder business. JRT sold more than 1 million OEM laser distance meter modules last year, and we will triple or fifth times of that quantity. 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